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Decelean War (Occupation of Decelea (413 King Agis invade Attica, "it…
Decelean War
Occupation of Decelea
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"it did great damage to the Athenians and, by its destruction of property and the loss of men, was one of the chief causes of decline in Athenian power"
Invasions during Archidamian war were short (longest = 40 days), now permanent deprivation of most of Attica
Laurium silver mine revenue lost, 20 000 slaves escaped (vital to Athenian economy(
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"Agis, seeing from Decelea many corn ships sailing to the Piraeus, said that it was useless for his troops to cut off the Athenians from their land, which had been done for some time now, unless some one were to seize the places from where grain kept coming in by sea" (Xenophon)
Revolt of Ionian allies
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appeals from Euboea, Lesbos, Erythrae and Chios to Sparta to aid revolts
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Erythrae, Clazomenae, Teos, Miletus, Lebedos, Erae, Methymna, Mytilene revolted
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Key individuals
Alcibiades
Advise Tissaphernes: point out danger of giving full support to Spartans, since they were bound to use their land and naval forces to liberate the Greeks from the Persians. Argued Athenians would make better allies; more willing to concede sovereignty over the Asiatic Greeks to the King. Therefore better to let both sides wear themselves out and when Athenians sufficiently weakened get rid of the Spartans completely
Negotiate with officer class of Athenian fleet at Samos: promise Tissaphernes friendship in return overthrowing democracy
exiled after battle of Notium (406) - left another Athenian (Antiochus) in command, told not to engage in battle --> Lysander drew him into battle and Spartan victory
"the best general"... "when they most needed him" (Buckley) (consequences of his exile, lack of experienced Athenian generals)
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Tissaphernes
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"Tissaphernes gave poor support to the Peloponnesians and did not allow them to fight a sea-battle, but kept saying that the Phoenician fleet would come and that they could then fight with greater superiority. Thus he damaged the cause and severely weakened the fleet"
Pharnabazus
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commission new fleet after defeat at Cyzicus (actually aiding the Spartans compared to Tissaphernes) --> more decisive aid to Spartan cause
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Battle of Arginusae
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Battle events
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Spartan defeat, loss of 70 ships, Callicratidas death
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