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Human Development (Piaget (STAGES : (Pre-operational stage, Concrete…
Human Development
Piaget
Interested in the child's understanding
of how the world works
STAGES :
Pre-operational stage
Concrete operational stage
Sensorimotor stage
Formal operational stage
Adaptation to
the environment
SCHEMA
set of mental structures &
processes for understanding
to facilitate actions
Constructivist
Vygotsky
Interested in social & cultural contents
surrounding the child's development
Social
constructionist
relational learning
teachers & students learn
from one another
socio-cultural approach
differentiation
of child from others
internalisation
(appropriation)
zone of proximal
development (ZPD)
diff between actual &
potential development
scaffolding
support from
teacher or parent
Central place of
language & culture
Aligns to Maori
approach to learning
development can't happen without
interaction & support for learning
Bronfenbrenner
Systems the child is
nested within
5 concentric
circles
microsystem
mesosystem
exosystem
macrosystem
Individual person
4 features
process
persons
context
time
Freud
Interested in how
the child develops
emotional stability
Sexuality as part of
the energy of life
'LIFE FORCE'
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital
parent-child
relationship
Conflict
EGO
realistic expectations
SUPEREGO
internalise messages
on appropriate behaviour
ID
Instincts
& drives
pleasure principle
Sexual-emotional
Development
LIFESPAN
DEVELOPMENT