World Religions
Confucianism
Islam
Zoroastrianism
Christianity
Hinduism
4. Five Pillars: Shahada- faith, Salat- prayer, Zakat- charity, Sawm- fasting, Hajj- pilgrimage to Mecca
5. Islam began in Mecca, which is in Saudi Arabia 
3. Holy Book- the Quran- written by Muhammad
6. Traditional Islam is oppressive toward women, and they were/are treated like property (in some countries)
2. Important People: Muhammad (founder, wrote the Quran), The Angel Gabriel (told Muhammad the teachings of Islam, which were then written in the Quran)
7. Islamic art included metal work and ceramics. Muslims created mosques, which are places of worship, which usually include columns, and a dome at the top
1. created in the 7th century BCE, by the prophet Muhammad
8. Social Structure: free men, women, slaves
9. Islam first spread to Egypt, Iraq, Syria, and Persia, and then spread to Spain and North Africa
10. Changes: After Muhammad, Islam starting being spread in a more violent way, and more recently, certain places in the middle east have taken a more "western" approach to Islam
11. Both Islam and Christianity have a day of judjement
12. Islam spread language
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7. Art: subjects usually had to do with religion, created an art style called rangoli Architecture: made large temples with carved pictures of dieties
6. Hindu texts reinforce traditional gender roles, and women did not have as much power as men, or nearly as much freedom. However, they were respected, and men were expected to treat them respectfully
8. There was a Hindu Caste System, which had four different categories. In order of the hierarchy, top to bottom, they were: Brahmin (priests/leaders), Kshatriya (warriors), Vaishya (merchants/farmers), Sudra (servants/workers), and at the bottom were people called the untouchables (separated from everyone else).
5. Began in India 
9. Hinduism spread peacefully, mostly through trade, to Indonesia and SE Asia
4. Principles: Sasmara- reincarnation, karma (determines what one is reincarnated as) Practices: ritual purification, yoga, devotional services, festivals
10. Changes: Over time, Hindus have become less strict about rituals and traditions
3. The main Hindu text is the Vedas, which is a book of ancient Hindu texts written in India. The following quote from the Vedas is important for understanding the reincarnation aspect of Hinduism: "May your spirit return again, to perform pure acts for exercising strength, and live long to see the sun".
11. Hinduism and Buddhism both believe in reincarnation
2. Important People: Ramanuja (Hindu Philosopher), Dayananda Saraswati (Hindu religious leader/reformer), Lord Swaminarayan (Hindu social reformer)
12. the caste system impacted society
1. Created when the Aryans brought it to India in 1500 B.C.E. Hinduism then spread throughout India
Sources: AMSCO book, https://ancienthistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/596633?terms=hinduism&sType=multi
7. art: lots of paintings and statues of God and Jesus, one of the most notable pieces of art is the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. Architecture: Constantinian Churches
8. Pope is most important, was oppressive toward women, and had slavery. Social hierarchy based on the Bible
6. Christianity is oppressive toward women. Women can not be religious leaders, and the Bible enforces traditional gender roles
9. Spread of Christianity was made easier by Rome, because Rome had a lot of connections with other empires
5. Christianity began in Judea 
10. Changes: Constantine change A LOT of things about Christianity, the protestant reformation
4. Principles: sacrifice, charity, God is the king of everything, every person is a sinner Practices: prayer, attending church, baptism, communion, confirmation, confession
11. Christianity and Islam both revere Abraham
3. The holy book of Christianity is the Bible. It is separated into the Old and New Testament. The main message of the Bible is that when Jesus died, everyone's sins were forgiven, and if you believe in God/Jesus, you will be "saved", and go to heaven, as seen in this quote: "If you declare with your mouth, 'Jesus is Lord', and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved".
12. Christianity had an impact on European languages
2. Important People/Leaders: Jesus Christ (founder, deity, believed to be the son of God), Augustine (introduced many key parts of Christianity), Martin Luther (reformer) Important Empires: the Roman empire (helped to spread christianity)
1. Christianity began in the 1st century CE, after Jesus Christ was crucified. At the time, a lot of Jewish people were arguing about their religion, and a lot of them believed that a messiah would appear soon.
7. Paintings focused on Zoroaster, architecture: had little impact
8. viewed everyone as equal
9. spread when alex the great conquered Persia
10. no major changes
11. Both Zoroastrianism and Christianity believe in good and evil
6. viewed women as equal to men
5. Began in Ancient Persia (present-day Iran) 
4. Principles: peace, sacrifice, afterlife Practices: Burial, Moral Practices
3. Religious book: Avestan. "Oh thou, my perishable body, do good deeds with thy hands!"
12. Influenced Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
2. Important People: Zoroaster (founder of Zoroastrianism), Darius the Great (third ruler of Achaemenid Empire, helped spread of Zoroastrianism), Ardashir I (made Zoroastrianism official religion of Persia) Important empires: Achaemenid empire, Persian Empire
1. Started in the 6th century B.C.E., during the persian empire, and was founded by Zoroaster.
Judaism
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7. art focuses on religion, architecture: synagogues
8. was not hierarchical
6. women were separate, but equal
9. Judaism spread when during the Babylonian exile, and when they were wandering
5. Began in Israel 
10. Changes: women started being treated more equally, for example, they're now able to be Rabbis
4. principles: monotheism, nature of God, God is a divine being. Practices: prayer, dietary rules
11. Both Judaism and Islam are monotheistic
3. Religious text: The Torah "Everything in the universe was created by God, and only by God."
12. If it weren't for Judaism, Christianity wouldn't have happened
2.Important people: God, Abraham, Moses, Joshua Important Empires: Egypt, Babylon, Persia, Rome
1. 2000 B.C.E., when God made a covenant with Abraham
Mahayana Buddhism
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7. art focused on pictures of Buddha
8. no social hierarchy
6. While Mahayana Buddhism texts include some sexist things, Mahayana Buddhism teaches that everyone is equal
9. spread to a lot of south eastern asian countries
5. Began in India 
10. Very different from the previous form of Buddhism, Therevada
4. principles: peace, reincarnation. Practices: concentration, meditation, equality, wisdom , enlightenment
11. Both Buddhism and Confucianism are attempting to find harmony and peace
3. Religious text: Tripitaka. "Everything that has a beginning has an ending. Make your peace with that and all will be well."
12. Buddhism promoted education
2. Buddha,
1. 1st century B.C.E, by Buddhist reformers
7. art inspired by the religion, architecture: temples
8. 5 key relationships: father and son, husband and wife, elder and younger, friend and friend
6. oppressive towards women
9. spread to Vietnam, Korea, and Japan
5. began in China 
11. both Confucianism and Buddhism are attempting to find harmony and peace
4. principles: dignity, doing good, authority, knowledge of right and wrong, respect for parents
12.Confucianism helped China grow
3. holy books: The Great Learning, Analects of Confucius, Book of Mencuis, and The Doctrine of the Mean "Life is really simple, but we insist on making it complicated."
2. people: Confucius, Mencius, and Xunzi. Chinese Empire
1. created in 551 B.C.E., and during the Zhou Dynasty