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Psychological Development (. (Psychosocial Development (Stages of…
Psychological Development
"What is psychological development?"
Psychological development is the change in human's cognitive, social behavior, emotional, and intellectual capabilities over time.
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Psychosocial Development
Stages of Development
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Trust vs. Mistrust
(B-1 year):
develop trust with parents through food, warmth and affection.
+Positive:
Have a feeling that world is okay (safe).
-Negative
: Questions world they live in.
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Autonomy vs. Shame
(1- 3 years):
Begin to do basic things like walk, talk, and use toilets.
+:
Child has control over body (ie, ability to say no)
-:
Doubts own abilities, leading to low self esteem.
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Initiative vs. Guilt
(3- 6 years):
Learns about social interactions and learns how to control outbursts.
+:
Learn that some things are not allowed and that they should do certain things without being told so.
-:
Gets frustrated over natural desires and goals.
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Competence vs. Inferiority
(6- 12 years)
: Children learn of the pleasure of applying to tasks,
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Cognitive Development
Stages of Development
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Sensorimotor
Stage 1 (B-2 years):
Experience/learn/develop through senses/actions.
Object Permanence:
Awareness that object continues to exist.
Stranger Anxiety:
"Stranger danger!!!"
Wary of unknown person and cries.
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Preoperational
Stage 2 (2-6 years):
Can speak but lacks logic.
Egocentric:
World revolves around child; jealous when spotlight is taken.
Pretend Play:
Imaginary friends and scenarios.
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Concrete Operational
Stage 3 (7-11 years):
Begins to think logically.
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Assimilation:
Interpret things based on information in current schema
Accommodation:
Adapting current schema to new information.
Schemas:
Frameworks/Molds where we place information into categories.
Terms
Much like a flower, the human mind blooms.
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(1896- 1980) A clinical psychologist known for his work in children/human development.
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
(1902-1994) A psychologist and psychoanalyst who analyzed human's psychosocial behavior.
"Children are not miniature adults. They learn through events and create schema."
"Lives are shaped in 8 stages. A person is confronted with a crisis in each stage."
