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Psychological Development (Erik Erikson (Competence vs Inferiority (6-12),…
Psychological Development
Jean Piaget
Sensory Motor (B-2 years)
Experiences the world through senses and actions
Object Permanence
- The awareness objects continue to exist even if they can't be seen
Stranger Anxiety
- Crying when in a stranger's arms
Preoperational 2-6 years
Representing things with words and images but lacking logical resources
Pretend Play
- Ability to imagine (playing house) and/or having imaginary friends
Egocentric
- trouble of a child taking another's point of view
Concrete Operational 7-11 years
Think logically about events, can perform mathematical operations
Conservation
- Properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in form or shape
Math Operations
Formal Operational (12 & up)
abstract thinking, moral development
Erik Erikson
Competence vs Inferiority (6-12)
Children learn the pleasure of applying themselves to new tasks
+Discover pleasure in education and accomplishments
-Develop a low self-esteem when comparing with ones peers
Identity vs Role Confusion (12-18)
Ask the question "Who am I." Work on social interactions and morals development
+Answer question successfully are able to develop identity and make plans for future
-Sink into confusion and about who they are
Initiative vs Guilt (3-6)
Learn about social interactions and learn how to control outburst
+Learn that certain things are not allowed, but are encouraged to do things without being told
-Frusturated over natural desires and goals
Intimacy vs Isolation (19-40)
At this stage we are all preoccupied with love
+Are able to love
-Fear communication and unable to depend on others
Autonomy vs Shame (1-3)
Begin to walk, talk, and use toilets
-Doubt abilities thus have low self)
+Child develops control over body (able to say no)
Generativity vs Stagnation (40-65)
People look to help the next generation
+Helping next generation makes you feel great
-Feeling like nothing was done
Trust vs Mistrust (B-1)
Develop trust with parents for food, warmth, and affection
-later question the world they live in
+Have a sense that the world will be ok
Integrity vs Despair (65-D)
Look back at life and see how you did
+Did good and ready to die
-Did bad and feel like it was a waste
Kohlberg
Conventional Morality
(early adolescence)- starts to care for others and upholds laws and social rules simply because they are the laws and rules.
Post Conventional Morality
people's agreed upon rights or follows what one personally perceives as basic ethical principles.
Preconventional Morality
(Before age 9) -Kids obey parents either to avoid punishment or to gain concrete award
