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Psychological Development (Kholberg (Permissive (Love. Relaxed. Child…
Psychological Development
Erikson
Eight Stages of Development
Trust Vs Mistrust (B-1)
Develop trust w/ parents for food, warmth, & affection
+Sense the world will be okay
-Question world in which they live
Autonomy Vs Shame
Begin to walk, talk, & use toilets.
Self confidence and control & develops
+Child develops control over body
-Doubt abilities & have low self-esteem
Initiative Vs Guilt
Learn about social constructs & control outbursts
+Learn certain things are not allowed, encouraged to do things w/o being told
-Frustrated over natural desired & goals
Competence Vs Inferiority
Children learn pleasure of applying themselves to new tasks
+Discover pleasure in education and accomplishments
-Develop a low self-esteem when comparing ones peers
Identity Vs Role Confusion
Asks question "Who am I?" Work on social interactions & morals develop
Intimacy vs Isolation
Preoccupied with love
+able to be loved
-fear commitment & unable to depend on others
Generativity Vs Stagnation
People look to help next generation
+helping next generation feels great
-feel like nothing was done
Integrity Vs Despair
Look back at life & reflect
+did good things & ready to die
-did bad and feel like it was a waste
Piaget
Stages of Piaget
Pre-Operational
Representing things with words & images but lacking logical reasoning. Ideas: Egocentric and Pretend Play
Concrete Operational
Think logically about events, can perform mathematical operation. Ideas: Conservation
Sensorimotor
Experiences the world through senses and actions
Formal Operational
Abstract thinking, moral development. Ideas: Stranger Anxiety
Kholberg
Permissive
Love. Relaxed. Child usually makes rules
Authoritative
Democratic approach. Give reasons for "the no" Include children in decisions
Authoritarian
Strict Make rules you must follow. "Because I said so"