Progromming or coding is giving step-by-step instructions to a computer on what to do and in which order.
Instructions need to be small enough for the computer to be able to understand them.They need to be clear and detailed.

The different types of data a computer uses to make and store things. In programming, this data is stored in a variable.Lots of things can be stored as variables:
~Strings,which include letters,numbers,spaces,and other characters on the computer keyboard wrapped in quotes.
~Numbers ,such as 1,2,3, or 4.12
~Booleans,which are expressions that are either "true" or "false"

Teach you how to first identify a series of steps to solve a problem and then create a set of instructions symbolic commands. This set of instructions is called an algorithm.

When you have lots of data,it's a good idea to organize it.We call that a data structure.When you are organized,you can be more efficient.

Looping means repeating the same things or set of things over and over again.
The simplest loops are ones that repeat a fixed number of times. Often,you will need a loop to keep repeating until something changes:in a game,points are collected until the time is up. Sometimes loops run forever.

Computers need to be told how to make decisions and what to do in different situations.This is called selection。

A series of instructions that follow one another in order.Every step must be followed in sequence, after the provious step is complete.