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WHAP - Comparative Religion Mind Map (Zoroastrianism (6.Women were viewed…
WHAP - Comparative Religion Mind Map
Chinese Traditional
Confucianism
~6th-5th century, created through a compilation of Confucius's teachings and beliefs, developed
Confucius, his followers, Confucian philosophers (Xun-zi, Mencius)
The Four Books and the Five Classics: essential to Chinese education, a way to understanding moral life
Understand the way to living a moral life
Women had few rights and were not educated, expected to remain subservient to men and boys
No impact on art / architecture
Family became most important unit in Chinese society due to Confucianism; Status of a man's family determined his place in society
Spread through countries adopting Confucian principles (Japan, Yi Dynasty of Korea)
Although the philosophy became irrelevant with China's communist government system and the burning of Confucius's books by Shi Huangdi, it continued to prosper through the teachings of Confucius's disciples and is still adopted by a number people of the 21st century
Zoroastrianism, women held little privileges and were expected to tend the house and family members
Influenced people that have already subscribed to another belief system, as Confucianism itself is not a religion
6th-5th century BCE China
Daoism
No differing view on women; Women are allowed to partake in path to seek happiness and wisdom
Poets wrote about human involvement with nature, architects attempted to construct structures that integrated well with natural surroundings,
Late 500s BCE China
Appealed to China's peasants due to its connection to natural forces and the land, otherwise no significant impact on existing social hierarchy / groups
Philosophical Daoism: Renounce worldly ambitions and society to seek harmony with nature and have a balance between everything (yin/yang) // Religious Daoism: heavenly masters practiced diverse and elaborate ceremonies and rituals, (hygienic and respiratory techniques, exorcisms, etc.), jiao (ceremony in which a community renews its communication with the gods)
Spread through different parts of China, as most powerful families in northern China had become adherents of Daoism
Dao De Jing (The Classic Way and the Virtue): a collection of Laozi's ideas // 3rd and 4th centuries: Taiping jing (Classic of the Great Peace), Baopuzi (Master Embracing Simplicity)
Various Daoist sects developed, originated as a philosophy and gradually became a religion in the 2nd century BCE due to Zhang Daoling
Laozi and his disciples / followers
Islam, no impact on differing social groups or a caste system / social hierarchy
Late 500s BCE (at the time of the Zhou Dynasty), created from the teachings, philosophy, and beliefs of Laozi
Daoism had direct influence on peasants and artists, as peasants conformed to Daoism due to its principles and artists based their work on Daoism.
Buddhism
Mahayana
No differing view on women
No specific influence on art and architecture
Southern Asia
Bodhisattva were developed to assist people in reaching salvation
Achievement of salvation only through absolute trust in the saving power of Amitabha
Spread throughout Southern Asia as the earliest seceders took up cause of their new sect with zeal and eventually, the religion grew in power and popularity
Sutra, present teachings of the Buddha
Many various sects and lineages were able to develop under Mahayana
Mahasanghikas (earliest seceders of Buddhism)
Daoism, no specific altered views for women and interactions
Emerged around early 1st century BCE within a Buddhist community in India due to a reformist movement
Became a gateway for other Mahayana lineages to form
Zoroastrianism
6.Women were viewed inferior to men, didn't have any legal status were told to tend to children and house duties.
Once declared, as the main state religion, temples and other worshipping buildings were spread throughout Persias
5.Persia
8.Created different social groups that believe in different religions due to the Persians allowing cultural diversity.
Burial services, fire is a major symbol, social practices, Scriptures, and fundamental moral practices.
9.Once Muslims conquered the Persian Empire, Zoroastrians split into the Iranians and Parsis and was moved to Iran and modern day India.
3.Religious teachings were passed verbally, had a collection of written texts based on the teachings of Z.
10.Split into two groups
Created by prophet Zaroathustra-was a Persian Priest and preached Persian polytheistic religion, was told by Ahura Mazda he was only one to worship, Ahura Mazda was the wise lord Magi priests sacred files,
Zoroastiranism's monotheistic principle and other teachings may have shaped the development of Judaism and Christianity.
1.This started in ancient Persia through the belief of monotheism.
The philosophy of monotheism changed the way people viewed their religion and is not relevant in the current era.
Christianity
6.During Christianity's early years it taught a spiritual unity that at least potentially migrated the harshness of Roman Law,in which women were considered non-citizens with no legal rights.
People came together to build monasteries to devote their lives to practicing their religion.
Christianity created a new political structure which gave the
Pope extreme power, it created a hierarchy in the Church that went Priests, Bishops, Arch Bishops, Cardinals, and finally the Pope, people that didn't believe in Christianity or the Church were either killed or deported.
Go to churches to honor and pray to god, burial services
The believe that there is one all powerful god, Jesus is the son of god and he rises from the dead on Easter. People normally go to church every Sunday, they go to church on holidays such as Easter, and Christmas.
9.It spread through practices and teachings that Peter and Paul showed people in
3.The bible and religious documents
Different branches have appeared such as Catholasism where they now worship the holy trinity(father,son, and the holy spirit).
Jesus(creator), Peter and Paul(spread christianity), the most
important empire that emphasized this religion was the Roman
Empire
Comparative to Buddhism both worshipped their respective gods in buildings
It was first started in the first century C.E, was a different branch from Judaism that became a eventually became a separate religion altogether
12.As far as modern day religions go, it is by far the most popular
Hinduism
6.According to Hinduism, the female was created by Brahman as part of the duality in creation, to provide company to men and facilitate procreation, progeny and continuation of family lineage.
4.Truth is eternal.Brahman is Truth and Reality,The Vedas are the ultimate authority,Everyone should strive to achieve dharma,Individual souls are immorta,The goal of the individual soul is moksha.
7.Incorporated temples into architecture
3.They had sacred texts
Invented the caste system The Hindu conception of the social order is that people are different, and different people will fit well into different aspects of society. Social order or social class according to varna forms the framework of moral duties according to personal characteristics of individuals (not necessarily birth).
2 Ramanjua taught people to worship the personal god vishnu..
Southeast Asia and the Pacific, spread through prophet Hindus
Sacrafices became less popular and viewed negatively by the public.
11.Compared to Buddhism in the aspect of reincarnation and they both began in India.
Influenced people to branch out into different religions and start to worship personal gods.
1.It grew out of cultural changes in India
Judaism
8.No social hierarchy, leader of the temple was led by a rabbi.
9.After Buddha's death missonairies carried out his teachings throughout Asia.
7.It started to build more temples or other places of worship throughout parts of Israel
6.First of the month is a minor festival for women, they didn't have to perform certain commandments, women and men were sat separately at traditional synagogues
4.Believes in in the prophets hebrew bible, and other sacred texts, and other writings, honored Abraham and other patriarchs in temples.
3.Torah-ethical and social laws
2.Abraham(God),Prophet Moses, Issac and Jacob(Patriarchs).
1sr century CE in Cannan (Israel and Palestinian) spread through beliefs and practices
Judaism has integrated more teachings of Jesus from when it originally started
Confucianism, after the leader's death, their followers spread the belief system to other parts of the world
Judaism is very prevalent in the modern day era although it is not as popular as other religions such as Islam or Christianity.
Islam
Do not play a central role in Muslim public worship, but can attend mosques and worship in balconies / back corners // Pregnant women would be exempt from fasting // Men shave heads whereas women cut an inch off their hair // Women were to dress modestly (burqa or head scarf) // Sufism: one part of Islamic tradition that includes women almost equally with men
Muslims disapprove of any visual representation of Allah, built temples and mosques specifically for Islamic worship
Began in Mecca in 610 CE
No differing social groups, men possessed different tasks for Islamic worship, but otherwise Islam calls for the equality of all believers
Five Pillars of Belief: shahada (faith), salat (charity), zakat (prayer), sawm (fasting), hajj (pilgrimage)
Spread through Mahmud of Ghazni, Sufis, and Muslim merchants who married Indian women, attracted low-caste Hindus, spread to India and South Asia
Quran: the intentions and will of Allah was revealed to Muhammad
Developed more sects and variations under the original Islam religion
Prophet Muhammad
Zoroastrianism, both originated as a monotheistic religion
Allowed unfortunate people to convert to a promising, monotheistic religion while many other religions at the time were polytheistic
Created by Muhammad in 7th century CE (~610-622), creation due to having visions / revelations from God (God told him he was a messenger equal to prophets like Abraham, Noah, and Jesus of Nazareth)
