John Marshall's Court Cases
Articles of Confederation
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Created by the Continental Congress to serve as a central government to the colonies - was made weak because of fear of tyranny
States gained sovereignty from the AOC
Marbury v. Madison
Civil War
LBJ & intro to cooperative Federalism
Reagan/"Our Federalism"
No Child Left Behind
FDR
Nullification/Force Bill
Created the concept of judicial review. Gave more power to the federal government. Allowed Courts to determine if laws were constitutional.
McCulloch v. Maryland
The Nullification Crisis arose when South Carolina declared federal tariff acts unconstitutional within its borders.
Gave Congress the power of implied powers. This increased power to the federal government because federal laws trump state laws when they are constitutional.
The federal tariffs were removed with a Compromise Tariff that nullified all previous tariffs put in place by President Jackson. In this way the states gained power to be able to argue against federal demands.
Gibbons v. Ogden
Gave Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce due to the commerce clause of the Constitution.
The Civil War shifted more power to the federal government, because the "War for States' Rights" as it is known in some places, ended with the winning side being the North-the proponent of Federal power.
The Civil War Amendments gave more power to the Federal government. It trumped state laws and abolished slavery and all forms of discrimination against blacks.
Court Packing Plan- FDR wanted to expand the number of justices on the Supreme Court and then add judges that had similar views to himself. This would then result in FDR not having his bills be struck down by the Supreme Court.
The New Deal- The New Deal was FDR's plan to get the United States out of the Great Depression. His plan included numerous federal works projects to create jobs through federal spending. The Federal government gained power from the New Deal, because it created a number of federal programs that still exist to day that give large amounts of power to the Federal government. The Social Security Act was created to provide wages to the retired, by taking a cut out of the paycheck while the person was working and then paid back when the person retired.
Medicare, Medicaid
Urban Mass Transportation Act
Clean Air Act
The Federal Government gained a considerable amount of power from the Great Society acts, as the government now supervised everyday things like water and air as well as tackled more complex problems like trying to collect welfare for elder citizens
The devolution revolution was a transfer of federal powers to the states, making them stronger. Things like gun control and marijuana use was now in the discretion of the states
NCLB was a federal law that was passed with bipartisan support to improve student performance across the country. The law resulted in standardized tests that tested the performance of students. It directly ties improvement of test scores to money that the state receives from the federal government. It increases the power of the federal government, because they decide how the money is distributed.