THE 'NEW' NIDL, FINANCIALISATION, AND UNEVEN DEVELOPMENT- Major manufacturing companies increasingly turned to financial activities, increased financial assets and more reliant on financial sources of revenue and profits, managing brands and capturing IPR as a source of monopoly rents, increasing source of revenue and profit for manufacturing companies. Multinationals increasingly outsourced routine material production to more distant locations, part of a structural change in advanced economies of the North, focused on property speculation, financial services, led to uneven development both internationally and intra-nationally, global capitals strenghtened their position as centres of growth. These places became increasingly differentiated from, and unconnected with, the rest of their national economies and urban systems, Furthermore, these places were characterized by deepening intra-urban socio-spatial divisions between the minority employed in high-level and high-income corporate functions and the mass labour force, often including illegal as well as legal international migrant workers, employed in lower-level services, typically in low-waged
jobs.