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Second Partial Project: Water (Pollution (International (Effects …
Second Partial Project: Water
Water availability
Water availability in Queretaro per habitant is 1,500 cubic meters according to CEA
In 2010, Mexico's yearly water availability per habitant was 4230 cubic meters
International
97.5% of the Earth's water is salt water
2.5% is fresh water
From which 0.3% belongs to lakes and rivers
99.7% belongs to glaciers, polar caps and underground deposits
844 million people don´t have access to drinkable water in which 159 million people depend on superficial water.
According to UN data, in 2020, 60% of the world's population is estimated to live in cities
For 2050, one in every four people will live in a country in which water availability is an issue
Pollution
National
Types and sources of pollutants
Industrial residues
These include acids, alkalis, cyanides, sulfides, arsenic salts, lead, copper, chrome and zinc.
Dangerous
Inflamable, corrosive, reactive or toxic.
Domestic residues
Health effects
Water pollution causes intestinal diseases
In 2010, 1277 people died in Mexico due to water pollution.
State
chemicals and nutrients for vegetation
waste waters
rivers have the highest contamination
industrialization
use of pesticides and fertilizers
consequences
birds and fish died
affects the fishing business in the region
120 people in Pinal de Amoles were intoxicated by arsenic located in water of Cedral manantial
International
Direct sources
Outfalls from
Factories
Refineries
Waste water plants
Indirect sources
Contaminants by soil or atmosphere
Agriculture residuals( fertilizers, pesticides)
Improperly disposed of industrual wastes
human practices atmospheric contaminants (gaseous emissions from automobiles and factories)
Effects
poisonous drinking water
poisionous food animals
unbalanced river and lake ecosystems that can no longer support full biological diversity
deforestation from acid rain
Contaminated water generates diarrhea,dysentery, typhoid fever and poliomyelitis and causes 502 000 diarrhea deads a year.
Chemical contaminants
organic, inorganic,radioactive and acid base.
Chemicals
Petroleum
Pesticides
Solvents from industrial work
Sustainable managment
Water is at the core of sustainable development. It is essential for socio-economic development, healthy ecosystems and human survival itself
International
UN
The UN promotes environmentally sustainable economic policies. This would address human impact maintain productive ecosystems
The challenge is to maintain water resources to maintain a balance between Natural and built infrastructure
OMS
Creates a series of guideliness about water quality and the safe use of waste waters.
Colaborates with the UNICEF to create the tool "WASH FIT" which objective is to guide the primary centers of health with low incomes by the use of specific measures and by clasifying risks by priorities
State
'Acueducto II' takes water from Montezuma river and delivers it to Querétaro city, also this hydraulic technology is environmental friendly
