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Baroque Age (Characteristics of Baroque Era (Original 4th Century…

- - - - Carlo Maderno
      - Founder of Baroque Architecture
      - Created the first 'true' baroque facade
      - Characteristics
        
        More Powerful Expressions-classical forms
        
        Open Constructions
        
        Imaginative use of light
        
        Theatrical Effects
  - - - Mixed classical laws of construction with a more dramatic construction
      - Sculptures
        
        David, Villa Borghese, Rome, 1623
        
        -Action and Movement - emotion - Interaction with the viewer. -Tells more of the story- Fabric adds a illusion of movement.
        
        Ecstasy Of St Teresa, Conarno Chapel, Santa MAria della Vittoria, Rome, 1645-52
        
        The use of Light and diagonal lines gives it a theatrical effect. Religion presented as theatre, emotion, Naturalism, not idealised, Interaction with the environment, broad appeal , action.
- - - - Danish phase
        
        Protestant states HRE = defeated => Protestant Denmark
        intervenes | Denmark = defeated
    - - Swedish phase - swedish (lutheran) intervention is supported by the french (roman catholic), France saw politics to be more important than religion
    - - Civil and religious war in the Holy Roman Empire (HRE)
        Protestant states vs catholic emperor Ferdinande Catholic states being to fight protestant states
    - - Cardinal Richelieu (1585-1642) “too many habsburgs”- first attacks the southern netherland which was a part of spain.
        
        Spain collapses, the population revolts, famine and disease, portugal claims independence. They stop fighting so the war ends
    - - -Holy Roman Empire = weakened 25-40% population died
        -Rise of france and england as world powers
        -End of Spain as world power
        -New independent states: Dutch Netherlands, italian city states, Switzerland; increase independence for german states
  - - - -Renewed interest in religion
        -Rome invests in the arts to stimulate religious experience
        -Religious art should be easily understandable and accessible
        -Realism
        -Target emotions audience
- - - - a ruler should be ruthless in order to stay in power, if a ruler is weak then chaos will be formed, people need a strong leader in order to protect people from themselves
    - - We the people recognise we need help from a strong leader and we chose to be governed in order to prevent chaos. In an unwritten contract we give up our sorority.
    - - People were able to governing themselves, he argues against an absolute rule of government.
- - - - -Lifeless objects as starting point
        -Symbolic Meaning
        -Moral message: Vanitas
        -Scientific observation
        -Middle-class taste
    - - -Vanitas
        -Promise of God’s Redemption
        -Jacob Van Ruisdael
        -Jewish Cemetery