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The Neolithic Revolution and Early Agriculture (Agriculture (Pastoralism :…
The Neolithic Revolution and Early Agriculture
150,000 Years Ago from Present Day -
Paleolithic Age (Stone Age)
10,000 to 15,000 Years Ago -
Neolithic Period (New Stone Age)
, 6 to 10 million of Human Population
Agriculture began during the
Neolithic Era
before 9000 BCE when polished stone tools were developed and the last ice age ended.
Population rises to 250 Million and agriculture helped to raise the number of people.
Based on archeological evidence, anatomically modern humans have existed roughly 200,000-300,000 years.
Agriculture
Pastoralism
: domestication and herding of animals such as goats, sheep and cattle.
:red_flag:
East Asia, Yang Tze River, Modern Day China [6500 BCE]
: Rice, Pigs, Buffalo, Chicken
Modern day Iraq, Palestine, Israel and Syria (Mesopotamia) [9000 BCE]
- wheat, barley, sheep, goats, cows
Modern Day Sudan [9000 - 7000 BCE]
: Sorghum (make syrup out of it), cows and sheep
Modern Day Nigeria (West Afria) [8000 - 6000 BCE]
: yams, okra and black eyed peas
Mexico [4000 BCE]
- maize
North of Yang Tze River and near the Yellow River [5500 BCE]
- millet and soy beans
Southeast Asia [3000 BCE]
- taro, yams, coconuts, bread fruit, citrus fruits, banana
South America, Chile and Peru [After 3000 BCE]
- potatoes, lamas, alpacos and guinea pig.
6 to 10 million people in the earth
By the time of Roman Empire, about 10,000 years later, the world population had grown over 25-fold to 250 million
2000 years to the present, the population has grown another 28-fold to seven billion (agriculture helped humans to increase by 1000 times larger!)
Spectrum of Social Organization
Hunter - forager
(least complex)
Pastoral / Horticultural
Civilization
(most complex)
First Legal Codes OR Written Collection of Laws
Code of Ur-Nammu from Sumer written around 2100 to 2050 BCE
Code of Hammurabi from Babylon written around 1760 BCE