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Bone (Osteogenesis (growth of bone (Epiphyseal plate (Zone of reserve…
Bone
Osteogenesis
Intramembranous ossification
Endochondral ossification
growth of bone
Epiphyseal plate
Zone of reserve (resting) cartilage
Zone of proliferation
Zone of hypertrophy
Zone of calcification
Zone of resorption
Epiphyseal closure
Epiphyseal line
Periosteal bone growth
in width
Spongy bone to compact bone
trabeculae
Mixed spicule
Bone external remodeling
Active remodeling
bone resorption
osteoclasts
Bone deposition on trabeculae
osteoblasts
Bone internal remodeling
New Haversian system
Compact bone remodeling
Trabecular bone remodeling
Bone remodeling unit
osteoclast resorption + osteoblast deposition
Cutting cone
resorption canal
Closing cone
Fractures and bone repair
Bony Callus
Hematoma
Fibrocartilaginous
Bone remodeling
composition
bone tissue
cells
Osteoprogenitor cells
from Mesenchymal stem cell
Differentiation factor -Core binding factor alpha-1 (CBFA1)
Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs)
Osteoblasts
basophilic
rER
Active osteoblast
cuboidal or polygonal shape lying to forming bone
Inactive osteoblast
flattened nuclei and attenuated cytoplasm
Osteoid
uncalcified bone matrix
Matrix vesicles
Bone-lining cells
from osteoblast
Periosteal cells
Endosteal cells
Maintenance and nutritional support
gap junctions
osteoclasts
acidophilic
Howship’s lacunae
resorption bay
Lysosomes
tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, TRAP
Active osteoclast
Ruffled border
Clear zone
Basolateral region
regulation
mononuclear hemopoietic progenitor cells
RANK-RANKL signaling mechanism
blocked by OPG decoy receptor
Parathyroid hormone
increase osteoclasts
decrease OPG
Calcitonin
decrease osteoclast activity
Osteopetrosis
deficiency of proteins for osteoclastic avtivity
Osteocytes
canaliculi
Functional states
Quiescent osteocytes
osmiophilic lamina
Formative osteocytes
osteoid
Resorptive osteocytes
lysomsome
Osteocytic osteolysis
MMPs
blood calcium level
matrix
type I collagen
lamellae
inorganic salt
calcium
hydroxyapatite crystals(羥基磷灰石)
ground substance
GAGs
proteoglycan
glycoprotein
bone-specific vitamin K-dependent protein
osteocalcin
capture calcium
Growth factors and cytokines
special form of connective tissue
connective tissues
bone marrow
fat tissue
blood vessels
Preparation of bone specimens
ground sections
inorganic constituents
section of tissues after decalcification
organic components
Structure
architectures
Compact (dense) bone
lamellar bone
concentric lamellae
circumferential lamellae
interstitial lamellae
blood supply
Volkman’s canal
perforating canal
Nutrient arteries
diaphysis
epiphysis
metaphysis
Haversian canal
osteonal canal
inside lacks lymphatic vessels
periosteal tissue 有
Spongy (cancellous) bone
non-lamellar bone
spicules
trabeculae
Immature (woven) bone
Mature bone
classification
Long bones
epiphysis
metaphysis
diaphysis
Short bones
Flat bones
Irregular bones
functions
Stored source for calcium and phosphate
Bone marrow for hemopoiesis
Cementing line
Resorption cavities
Collagen-poor
Haversian system
osteon
Periosteum (periostealcells)
fibrous layer
fibroblasts
osteogenic layer
osteoblasts
Sharpey’s fibers
connective tissue anchored within bone
periodontal ligament
dense connective tissue
Endosteum (endostealcells)
thin connective tissue
lines marrow cavities & Haversian cacal
surrounded by cementing line