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TOPIC 1 INTRODUCTION OF MICROBIOLOGY (HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY (THE GOLDEN…
TOPIC 1 INTRODUCTION OF MICROBIOLOGY
DEFINITION
are minute living things that individually are usually too small to be seen with unaided eyes
WHY STUDY MICROORGANISMS
part of our environment
important
animal
food
plant
source of food and it production
production of antibiotic, vitamin and amino acids
stuff of genetic engineering
APPLICATION
environmental(bioremediation)
genetic engineering
food
industrial
immunology
agricultural
medical
GROUP OF MICROORGANISMS
BACTERIA
unicellular
prokaryotes
genetic material not enclosed in a nuclear membrane
includes bacteria and archae
various
shape
enclosed in cell wall
reproduce binary fission
EXAMPLES
THIOMARGARITA NAMIBIENSIS
ESCHERICHIA COLI
CHRYSEOBACTERIUM GREENLANDENSIS
ARCHAE
prokaryotes
lack of cell wall
extremophiles
chemotrophic
methanogens
halophiles
thermoacidophiles
psychrophiles
FUNGI
eukaryotes
cell wall chitin
most typical fungi are mold
reproduce sexually or asexually
acquire nutrient by adsorption (saprophyte)
EXAMPLES
AMANITA
PENICILLUM
PROTOZOA
eukaryotes
unicellular
live as free entities or parasit
acquire nutrient by adsorption or ingestion from environment
movement:
EXAMPLES
EUGLENA
PARAMECIUM
ALGAE
photosynthetic eukarya
unicellular or multicellular
cell wall cellulose
reproduction sexually or asexually
important in food chain
EXAMPLES
VOLVOX
ULVA
VIRUS
acellular
very small , only can seen through electron microscope
simple microorganisms with RNA/DNA
reproduce by using cellulary machinary host
inert biochemical complex
EXAMPLES
ROTAVIRUS
ADENOVIRUS
HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Robert Hooke
John Needham
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Rudolf Virchow
Louis Pasteur
THE GOLDEN AGE OF MICROBIOLOGY
Fermentation and pasteurization
The Germ Theory of Disease
Vaccination
Edward Jenner
