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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM (SMALL INTESTINE FUNCTION (DIGESTIVE PROCESS (Chemical…

- - - - EXTRINSIC (MAJOR) GLANDS - secretion in response to stimulus (i.e. parotid, sublingual, submandibular) -> lie outside of oral cavity
      - INTRINSIC (MINOR) GLANDS - constant secretion -> lie within oral cavity (scattered within oral mucosa) -> mouth lining (stratified squamous epithelium)
    - - Cleans mouth
      - Moistens food -> bolus formation
      - Contains digestive enzymes (hydrolysis of food molecules -> simpler monomers)
        
        Proteases and peptidases -> proteins into small peptides and amino acids.
        
        Lipase -> tryglyceride/lipid breakdown (absorbed by villi in small intestinal walls -> reformed into tryglycerides across intestinal membrane -> absorbed into lymphatic system via lacteals
        
        Amylase -> carbohydrates to starch/sugars/simple sugars (e.g. glucose)
        
        Nuclease -> nucleic acids to nucleotides
      - Metabolic Waste
      - Has proteins
        
        Mucin
        
        Lysosyme
        
        Immunoglobin IT
- - - - Hexagonal in shape
      - "Brick-like" pattern of hepatocytes (liver cells) -> process blood-borne nutrients, fat-soluble vitamins storage, detoxification
      - Radiate from central vein
    - - Hepatic entry branch
      - Hepatic portal vein
      - Bile duct
    - - Yellow-green alkaline solution
      - Components aiding digestion (Bile Salts):
      - Cholesterol derivative, fat emulsifier, fat-soluble vitamins & cholesterol absorption, solubilize cholesterol, phospholipids
      - Contains bilirubin (Erthyrocyte breakdown; recycled by liver)
- - - - consisting of...
        
        H2O
        
        inorganic salts
        
        dead epithelial cells
        
        bacteria
        
        bacterial composition products
        
        indigestible food residues