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The End of the Cold War (Eastern Europe (Political- Czechoslovakia's…
The End of the Cold War
Eastern Europe
Political- Czechoslovakia's communist government collapses. They elected Vàclav Havel, a writer, as president. Czechoslovakia then splits peacefully into the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Social- Gorbachev decided that he would not have the Soviets send troops and help out the governments that were for satellite countries. This caused many protests and revolutions throughout Eastern Europe. For example, many workers in Poland demanded for a change.
Economic- In Romania, opposition is growing and living standards have been dropping. Due to food shortages, rationing has become common. The government was led by communist leaders after Nicolae and his wife were executed.
North America
Political- The U.S had its politics oscillate between right and left. They are the only world superpower since the Soviet Union fell.
Social- Canada agreed and approved of the NAFTA or North America Free Trade Agreement with Mexico and the U.S. Some Canadians; however, believed that it was too favorable for the United States creating popularity loss for Brian Mulroney.
Economic- The Reagan administration created a record budget deficit because of the spending policies. The spendings rose from $631 billion in 1981 to over a trillion dollars. There was also the Reagan Revolution, where Ronald Reagan cut spending on job programs, food stamps, and school lunch programs.
Africa
Economic- The AOU or the Organization of African Unity was replaced by the AU or the African Union in 2001. This new organization promotes economic growth and democracy. It has a goal to mediate several conflicts in its region.
Political- In 2004, there was a trend of female leaders and president Lusia Diogo of Mozambique added to the trend. Since then, there has also been a trend of multi-party elections. National elections in Senegal were held and they brought an end to the four decades of socialist rules.
Social- There was an outbreak of resentment between the Christians in the South and the Muslims in the West when the Nigerian president died in 1993. In 200, the elections resulted with a Christian president. The elections were marked with changes of voting irregularities and violence.
South and Southeast Asia
Political- The president, Benazir Bhutto, was removed from office by the military on charges of corruption. In 1993; however, she was reelected president. After she was kicked out again, along with her successor, General Pervez Musharraf promised to restore the honest government.
Social- Military forces arrived in Afghanistan to overthrow the Taliban in September 2001. President Musharraf pledged to help defeat terrorists even though Taliban is quite popular.
Economic- Due to many economic reforms, India's economy was becoming to be more market-based. A large portion of India's GDP, rather than agriculture, is being constituted by industrial and service sectors. Now, India has one of the strongest economies in the world.
Western Europe
Political- Erich Honecker ruled extremely harsh and was the head of the Community Party in East Germany. Many Germans fled; however, some stayed and protested. Germany became reunified when East and West Germany opened their borders and families reunited.
Social- Nicolas Sarkozy was elected in 2017 due to certain tensions in France. France was experiencing resentment toward foreign-born civilians in 1995. The tension between the French and Muslim community was the most prevalent.
Economic- Because of the economic struggles in Germany, there was high unemployment and severe lack of content with citizens. The Social Democrats came into power again because of this; however, they did not help the economy.
East Asia
Political- The new Chinese government attempted to modernize the industry, agriculture, technology, and national defense after the rule Mao. Even though the calls of reform, communism remains strong.
Social- There is poor working conditions and low salaries because of the rapid growth in the economy. Because of this, labour unrest has been caused in China.
Economic- Because of the economic growth rates, many believed that China would become an economic superpower in the twenty-first century. The predictions are true. This happened after the reign of Mao as the per capita income doubled.
Middle East
Economic- There is a high percentage of young people in Egypt and Tusnia. In fact, half of Egypts 80 million people are under the age 25. There is a growth in poverty rate because most of these citizens are unemployed.
Political- The Tunisian president fled the country after 23 years of an oppressive government. After the president fled the country, the mass demonstrations started to begin in December of 2010.
Social- There was a re-election for Muhammad Ahmadinejad in Iran. This election was held in 2009 and made many civilians protest and call it a fraud. Many of the violent oppressions by Iranian protester from the military forces were caught on video and posted onto the internet.
South/Central America
Political- In Latin America, there has been a noticeable political trend that has been the election of the left-wing governments. Many Latin American countries governments have pushed for democratic freedoms. They are also pushing for social reforms and economic growth.
Social- Since Mexican drug cartels started to transport drugs for the Columbians, there has been a lot of violence. Drugs are coming from Columbia through Mexico into the United States.
Economic- Latin America Had a huge problem with income inequality. There is a huge gap between the rich and the poor. Also, in Central America many countries are poverty stricken.