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Post Cold War Challenges (Africa (Economic- Rapid growth has slowed has…
Post Cold War Challenges
Africa
Economic- Rapid growth has slowed has slowed economic growth. Africa’s growth rate used to be 2.3 and that caused poverty to become a widespread concern. During this time economic growth slowed down.
Political-In Africa political change is often slow and painful. The Organization of African Unity established the African Economic Community. They are intended to provide greater integration through Africa.They have already sought to medicate different.
Social- AIDS became widespread concerns. More than 1.2 million people died because of AIDS. Some people have mounted a high effort to fight AIDS. Uganda has made significant process in its fight against AIDS.
South and Southeast Asia
Political-New parties opposed and competed with the previously powerful Congress
Party of India. Causing a decline on its hold on the area.
Economic- India’s economy has become one of the most largest and fastest growing. A lot of economists believe India is rising to an economic superpower and will have the world’s third largest economy by 2035.
Social- There is conflict between Hindu and Muslim groups. This conflict is over the Kashmir area in between India and Pakistan. The reason there is a conflict is because of their religious beliefs.
East Asia
Economic- Japan’s economy slipped into a recession and they faced slow economic growth and deflation. A tsunami further weakened Japan. Job security declined because a lot of people working were laid off. The collapse of the Japanese real estate sent the economy into tailspin.
Political- In North Korea they stayed isolated and under military dictatorship. In South Korea they experienced a growing democracy. There is lots of tension between both of these countries. North Korea started a nuclear program which is what caused the tension between them and South Korea.
Social- China adopted a one-child policy to control population growth. If you followed this policy you would get incentives such as education benefits, child care, and housing. They stopped this because there wasn’t enough people in the workforce.The population has had a rapid growth and this meant poor working conditions and low salaries, leading to labor unrest.
Middle East
Economic- Many countries had high unemployment.Most countries in the region have a high percentage of young people.More than half of Egypt are under the age of 25. The majority of these young people are unemployed.
Political-Much of the Middle faces political instability. Iran signed a nuclear deal with powerful countries. Iran enforces strict adherence to Islamic law.
Social- After terrorist attacks on 9/11 the U.S killed Osama bin Laden in Pakistan. After the invasion of Irag the country fell into civil war. The civil war was between the Shia Muslims and the Sunni Muslims.
Eastern Europe
Economic- Gorbachev preached the needs for radical reforms. This meant reconstructing the economic policy. He imagined a market economy would be more responsive to consumers but he realized this would not work without political reform.
Social- The Soviet union fell and old ethnic conflict rose between Czechs and the Slovaks. This caused them to split.
Political- After Lech Walesa was released from prison the first free election in 40 years happened. A new government was elected and it ended 45 years of communist rule.
Western Europe
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Social-France faced problems as resentment grew against foreign-born residents especially Muslims. Germany reunified in 1990 this was symbolized by tearing down the Berlin wall.
Political-Great Britain had a lot of Prime Minister changes. The reason for this was because the war and they were not able to fulfil the ideas of the citizens.
South /Central America
Economy- Many South Americans have pushed for economic growth. Economic growth have lessened the gap between the rich and the poor people. A lot of South American countries have reformed their economic structures.
Politics- Institutional Revolutionary Party has dominated Mexican politics until the decline of its popularity. By 2000 the PRI was completely gone. It was replaced with multi-party systems.
Social- Mexico struggled with poverty, unemployment, and violent drug trades. El Salvador ended a streak of conservative power but the country still struggles with the effects of civil war, gang violence, and poverty.
North America
Politics -Brian Mulroney lost popularity and Jean Chrétien served from 1993 to 2003. In 1195 votes narrowly rejected secession the debate divides Canada.
Social- Reagan reduced welfare policies by cutting spending food stamps, lunch school programs, and job programs. Reagan also oversaw the largest peacetime military build up in U.S history.
Economic-Canada Approved the North American Free Trade Agreement. They did this to make trade easier and more profitable.