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Grade 7 Geography: Unit 1 (Vegetation (Vegetation interactions with…
Grade 7 Geography: Unit 1
Landforms
Types of landforms
Sheild
The base rock of an ancient mountain region that has been worn away, leaving a flat, rocky, landform region.
Plateau
A high, flat, region that has been lifted up by earth’s movements.
Plain
A large, flat, gently rolling region.
Mountain
Volcanic
Created by volcanic eruptions. A volcano is a mountain with lava.
Valley
A long, narrow region of low land in between mountains, hills, or other high areas.
Creation of Landforms
When the lithosphere gets pulled apart, magma flows out, and creates a volcanic mountain.
Erosion creates valleys.
When the sea level decreases, the land below turns to a plain.
Ice erosion makes valleys.
Humans create mines.
Natural Disasters
Earthquakes
Happens when tectonic plates go under or scrape each other.
The “Ring of Fire” is the place with the most earthquakes.
Can cause tsunamis.
Has enough force to obliterate buildings.
Can be measured by a seismometer.
Volcanoes
Lava flows out of a volcano.
Lava moves slowly, allowing people more time to escape.
Hot gases, ash, and rocks are thrown into the air from an eruption.
Gases make it hard to breathe.
Ash can bury entire cities.
Climate
Climate Change
Can have a huge impact on humans living in the area.
Hot and dry climates will change the types of crops that can be grown.
Melting ice around the world.
Causes sea level to rise.
Can cause floods.
Can cause hurricanes or tornadoes.
Affects food production.
Makes new diseases.
Measuring Climate
Temperature
Precipitation
Wind Conditions
Climate Graphs
What affects climate?
Winds
Air masses
Latitude
Ocean currents
Elevation
Relief (The difference of height between the highest and lowest points in an area).
Temperature
Causes of Climate Change
Too much energy received from the sun.
Volcanic eruptions.
The Greenhouse Effect.
Energy Production (Pollution)
Transportation (Pollution)
Vegetation
Natural Vegetation Regions
Boreal forests.
Tropical forests.
Subtropical forests.
Grasslands
Tundras
Deserts
Benefits of Vegetation
Produces oxygen.
Can be natural habitats.
Can be made into resources.
Can be recreation for people.
People may have spiritual connections toward vegetation.
Vegetation interactions with natural factors
Moisture
Precipitation
Evaporation
Temperature
Photosynthesis
Latitude and elevation
Soil
Changing vegetation patterns
We are creating more deserts.
We are reducing natural vegetation.
We are causing forest loss.
We are burning grasslands.
Changing vegetation effects on species
Loss of biodiversity.
Loss of habitat.
Loss of species.
Rise in non-native species.
Oceans and Rivers
Earth's Water Sources
Oceans
Groundwater
Ice caps and glaciers
Lakes
Swamps and marshes
Rivers
Parts of a River
Tributary
Source
Drainage Basin
Watershed
Channel
Floodplain
Meander
Riverbank
Mouth
River bed
Delta
Patterns of the Ocean
El Nino
La Nina
How people are changing oceans and rivers.
Rivers
Polluting rivers.
Creating new river channels.
Building dams.
Building canals.
Oceans
Destroying ocean habitats.
Polluting Oceans
Protecting rivers and oceans
Reducing pollution.
Taking action