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CWI Test - 1930's (Vocabulary (Munich Conference: Meeting between…
CWI Test - 1930's
Japan
first invaded MANCHURIA
- WAS FIRST DIRECT CHALLENGE TO LEAGUE
- 1933: Japan withdrew from LON, but Europe doesn’t really care.
- USA does nothing in exchange for control of the Philippines
In 1920's: more democratic, In 1930's: military rule
- 1922: signed treaty about respecting China’s borders
- 1928: signed Kellogg-Briand Pact saying they won’t engage in war
- Military leaders wanted to restore a gov. where the military is in control
- Made emperor symbol of state power
- Military leaders = EXTREME NATIONALISTS
- Wanted to solve their economic problems by making empire/invading territories
Treaty of Versailles
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Some countries were not represented, so they didn't get a say in the terms of the treaty
Germany, Japan, Italy were unhappy with terms of treaty
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Guilt Clause:
- Germany got full blame of war
- Had to pay reparations to Allies
Not allowed to have a military
Lost a lot of their colonies/territory
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European Aggressors
Spain
July 1936: army leaders that liked a Fascist gov joined Francisco Franco in a revolt (BEGAN THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR)
Hitler + Mussolini helped Franco’s allies (aka. The Nationalists)
Republicans received little outside help, Western Democracies were neutral (although an international force of volunteers helped fight)
Early 1939: Franco became Spain’s first Fascist Dictator
Germany
- looked at League's reaction to Japan's withdrawal an saw it as an ok to start taking territory
- March 1935: Hitler told Germans they don’t need to abide by Treaty of Versailles.
- 3/7/1936: Moved to Rhineland
- THIS OCCUPATION = TURNING POINT!!
- Strengthened Hitler’s influence in Germany
- War was in Hitler’s favor (France + Belgium vulnerable to German attack)
- Meekness of British and French encouraged Hitler to expand his territory further
October 1936: Mussolini and Hitler joined together to form Rome-Berlin Axis
November 1936: Germany, Japan, and Italy joined together to form the Axis Powers
Non-Aggression Pact: Russia and Germany would not attack each other
- signed because Germany didn't want to fight a war on two fronts
- signed because Russia wanted more time to prepare for war
Mussolini
- invades Ethiopia
- Haile Selassie (Ethiopian emperor) asked League for help, League condemned the attack but basically did nothing
- Britain helped Mussolini, let them use the Suez Canal and gave them supplies (Hoped that being nice to Mussolini could keep peace in Europe)
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Vocabulary
Munich Conference: Meeting between Britain, Germany, Italy, France, allowed Germany to take part of Czechoslovakia but Hitler has to respect borders of Czechoslovakia.
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Isolationism:- The policy of avoiding involvement with other countries’ political and military matters
- Lots of Americans supported isolationism (they believed WWI was really bad for us)
- 1935: Congress passes Neutrality Acts, bans loans and sale of weaponry to nations/countries at war
Axis Powers: In WWII, consists of Japan, Germany, and Italy
Francisco Franco: A Fascist General of Spain, Spain's first dictator
Third Reich: Czechoslovakia, Austria, and Germany combined, German Empire