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Social, Political and Economic Effects of the Cold War. (Europe (Western…

- - - - In November 1989, the Berlin Wall fell, reunifying families as well as starting a series of events that led to the reunifying of Germany.
    - - Between November 1989 and late 1990, East Germany and West Germany reunified into today's modern German nation.
    - - In 1993, the European Union was formed, leading to the adoption of one currency, the Euro, in many European nations.
  - - - Gorbachev's policy of openness (Glasnost) led to the allowance of free speech in the Soviet Union.
    - - From 1980 to 1988, Poland's Solidarity movement, led by Lech Wałęsa, protested Poland's lack of free elections. In 1988, the government buckled, and in 1990 Wałęsa was elected as the first president.
      - In 1988-89, mass demonstrations, now known as the Velvet Revolution, took place in Czechoslovakia. In December 1989, the Communist government crumbled and collapsed, and at the end of the month Vaclav Hevel was elected president. The nation subsequently peacefully split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
      - Romania was the only Soviet satellite state to abandon Communism violently. Nicolae Ceausescu's economic policies caused a sharp drop in living standards and food shortages. When peaceful protests occurred, he used the secret police to murder thousands. After this, the Army mutinied, captured Ceausescu and his wife, and executed them.
    - - The Soviet policy of Perestroika, or restructuring, led to free market reforms in the USSR, leading to its breakup.
- - - - In 1995, Canada introduced a bill to decide if Quebec would remain a province of the nation. Voters only narrowly voted to remain.
    - - Since the Cold War, the United States have experienced multiple budget deficits caused by overspending by multiple presidents.
    - - After the fall of the USSR, the United States became the sole remaining world superpower.
  - - - During the 1980's-90's, Central America dealt with a deep recession caused by a large budget deficit.
    - - In Mexico, the Industrial Revolutionary Party, or PRI, was defeated in the 1990's after nearly 70 years of dominating Mexican politics.
    - - Many South and Central American nations still struggle with rampant poverty. They also deal with drug cartels and unemployment, among other things.
- - - - In the 1990's, the Indian National Congress's power was slipping, and the party began having to compete with others, such as the militant Bharata Janata party, or BJP. The BJP rose to power during a time of rising tensions. They were ousted, however, in 2004 by the Congress party.
    - - Sri Lanka experienced a bloody civil war between the government and the Tamils.The Tamils attempted to fight for their independence and an independent state in the north of the island.
    - - Economies in Southeast Asia have been growing. Economies such as Vietnam, the Philippines, and Malaysia.
- - - - During the 1980's-90's, some nations, such as Iran experienced revolutions, and yet others, such as Kuwait, were invaded by other nations.
    - - In 2011, protests began in North Africa and the Middle East, now known as Arab Spring. These popular uprisings saw the people of many nations demanding civil liberties.
    - - In the Middle East, there is a massive class wage gap. Many people live in poverty, yet those who control the oil live in lavishness.
  - - - Many nations have experienced civil wars since the breakup of the USSR, such as Somalia and Ethiopia.
    - - As in the Middle East, the Arab Spring protests occurred.
    - - Many inhabitants of Africa live on less that $2.00 per day.