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Changes as a Result of The Cold War (Middle East (Economic (Most of the…
Changes as a Result of The Cold War
Middle East
Economic
Most of the Middle East experiences growing poverty rates.
Social
Iran enforces extreme adherence to Islamic law, limiting basic rights. Most of the Middle East deals with ethnic tension, high unemployment rates and poor education.
Political
Peace efforts between the Israelis and Palestinians have failed as a result of terrorist attacks and disputes over territory.
Iran also signed a nuclear deal with powerful countries to limit development and allow more oversight into its nuclear program.
Afghanistan and Iraq deal with various invasions from the U.S. with varying success.
Africa
Economic
Africa has struggled with widespread poverty as a result of population growth.
Social
Increasing population was an issue in Africa. The population growth rate from 2000 to 2010 was 2.3% as opposed to the rest of the world's 1.24%. Because of Africa's growing population, the economics of that continent were largely impacted.
AIDS was also a large concern in Africa because of the 1.2 million people that died of the disease in 2010. Uganda has made large steps to fight against AIDS in 2000 that has caused AIDS cases in Uganda to stabilize.
Political
Africa has had many women as leaders. Luisa Diogo, for example, was the prime minister of Mozambique in 2004. Also, Africa has seen a trend in multi-party elections. Senegal is an example of this because in the summer of 2000, national elections were held. This ended the Socialist party that was once dominant for four decades.
South and Southeast Asia
Economic
Many South Asian countries have experienced strong economic growth, especially the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. Also, India is expected to be the world's third largest economy by 2035.
Social
Conflicts in between Hindus and Muslims have continued while religious disputes have occurred between India and Pakistan. Conflicts continued in 1998 and 2002 until in 2003 when the countries restored diplomatic relations.
Political
During the early 1990s in India, the Congress Party was extremely dominant, but later began to lose power after new parties such as Hindu Bharata Janata Party began to compete with the Congress Party for control of the central and state governments.
East Asia
Economic
Economic growth rates in the 1990s led to predictions that China would be an economic superpower in the twenty-first century. The economy in Japan slipped into a recession in the 1990s, facing slow economic growth and deflation. Japan was also devastated by a tsunami, further weakening its economy.
Social
Rapid economic growth in China led to poor working conditions and low salaries, creating labor unrest. China also created a one-child policy to slow population growth.
Political
Mostly due to North Korea's nuclear weapons program, political tension between North and South Korea continues. North Korea remains isolated under a military dictatorship, while South Korea's economy has become one of the strongest in Asia.
Southern/Central America
Economic
South: Increased economic growth rates have led to a lessened gap in between the rich and poor.
Central: Honduras started demilitarizing.
Political
South: Many South American countries have transitioned to a democracy. Left wing governments have gained popularity as Bolivia, Paraguay and Peru have elected populist leaders.
Central: El Salvador ended streak of conservative power, but still struggles with the effects of bloody civil war, gang violence and poverty.
Social
South: Increased public education has lessened the gap between rich and poor.
Central: Honduras suffered a military coup, gang and police violence and issues relating directly to Hurricane Mitch.
Eastern Europe
Economic
Gorbachev restructured the economy and led a political reform which led to limited free enterprises.
Gorbachev also stopped sending troops for military support to satellite countries.
Social
When Gorbachev decided the Soviets would stop sending sending military support, revolutions broke out throughout Eastern Europe.
Political
Gorbachev gets elected and works to end Cold War. Romania also forms a new government.
Western Europe
Economic
The European Union formed, creating the common currency.
Political
Germany reunified and the Berlin Wall was torn down.
Social
France faced problems as resentment grew against foreign-born residents. American popular culture was spreading.
North America
Political
The PRI dominated Mexican politics for 70 years until it lost popularity in the 1990s.
Social
Mexico has faced problems such as poverty, unemployment and a violent drug trade.
Economic
The Reagan Revolution led to reduced welfare in the U.S. by cutting spending on food stamps, and school lunch and job programs.
Canada also approved NAFTA to make trade easier and more affordable.