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A New Era Begins (Eastern Europe (Soviet Union: One political challenge…
A New Era Begins
Eastern Europe
Soviet Union: One political challenge dealt with in Eastern Europe at the end of the Cold War is the fall of the Soviet Union. Gorbachev released the iron grip of the Communist party and the Nationalist movement began. The 15 republics became independent.
Russia: One economic challenge faced by Eastern Europe is the reform of the government made by Putin. Putin's reforms included free sale and purchase of land and tax cuts. The reforms helped to establish a budget surplus and growing economy.
Yugoslavia: One social challenge that Eastern Europe encountered was ethnic cleansing towards Bosnians. This occurred after Serbian forces obtained 70% of Bosnian land. With support of NATO, the citizens of Bosnia regained msot of their land.
Western Europe
Germany: One political change faced by Western Europe is the election of Angela Merkel, in 2005. She is the leader of the Christian Democrats and the first female chancellor in German history.
Germany: One economic change that took place in Western Europe is economic issues under Helmut Kohl. His government was forced to raise taxes. The economic collapsed, leading to a high unemployment rate.
Germany: A social challenge faced by Western Europe are the events leading up to the destruction of the Berlin wall. In 1989, under the governing of Erich Honecker, many people fled East Germany and held mass demonstrations. This occurred due to the harsh ruling.
North America
Canada: Due to accepting the NAFTA in 1993, prime minister Brian Mulroney lost popularity. From 1993-2003 Jean Chretien became prime minister. Finally, in 2006, Stephen Harper became the new prime minister.
The United States: Reagan's spending policies created economic issues. The policies leaded to record budget deficits. More recent presidents have struggled to fix the economy.
USA and Canada: In 1990, there was a repercussion against the current Woman's rights movement. Some women rejected the ideas of traditional gender roles, while other wanted to return to them
South/Central America
Mexico: The drug war in Mexico has severely affected the social changes in South America. Drug cartels have played a big role in this. They rely on young people who are poor and unemployed. The young people are willing to watch kidnap victims, transport drugs among other things.
Latin America: Late 1900's and early 2000's there is a growing election of left-wing governments. Most countries have tried to push for a democracy and social reforms. All of these are affects of political change.
Latin America: Central America is faced with economic issues such as income equality. There are faced with a large gap between the rich and the poor.
Africa
Africa: After the election of a Christian leader in 2000, violence occurred. In 2002, the nation split into Christian government south and Muslim north, which lead to many problems. This is an example of a political change.
Africa: AIDS has remained as a concern for years. It has affected over 22.9 million people living in Africa. Though there are efforts to decrease the amount and spread of AIDS, it is still a social issue.
Africa: Africa has struggled with their economy ever since the fall of the Soviet Union. Many people live in slums and are affected by poverty. This is a result of the increasing population.
East Asia
North Korea: Many political changes occurred In North Korea after the fall of the Soviet Union. Under the dictatorship of Kim Jong Il, a nuclear program was started. This was started as Kim Jong Il tried to secure his country. In 2011, Kim Jong Il died and leadership was handed down to his son, Kim Jong Un.
Japan: Between 1950-1990, Japan developed the world's largest economy, seconded to the United States. Though, at the end of the 1980s, the Japanese real estate market started to collapse. In the 1990s, Japan slipped into a recession.
China: After the death of Mao Zedong, leader Deng Xiaoping put the new policies in industry, agriculture, technology, and national defense. These social changes occurred after 20 years with no technological advances under Mao Zedong.
South Asia
India: One economic change faced by South Asian countries, India in particular, is the movement towards a market-based economy. Industrial and service occupations have helped to increase India's GDP. India is believe to have the third largest economy by 2035.
Pakistan: Benazir Bhutto has been in and out of presidency for many years. After being dismissed for corruption, in 1993 she was reelected. She tried to lessen the opposition forces before being removed once again for corruption.
India: One social change faced by South Asia is a change in reforms. One reform included hot school lunches for school aged children, and public work projects.