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Conclusion of the Cold War (Eastern Europe (social (When Gorbachev stopped…
Conclusion of the Cold War
Eastern Europe
social
When Gorbachev stopped sending military support to communist satellite countries in Eastern Europe in the 1980s, independence movements began.
economic
Soviet Union- Gorbachev introduces perestroika to restructure economic policy. He envisioned an economy more responsive to consumers and one that would allow some privately owned businesses.
political
Democracy took place during the division of Czechoslovakia. Romania also formed a new government.
North America
social
High poverty rates, illiteracy, high unemployment, and political corruption have led to a violent drug war in Mexico.
economic
Canada continued to deal with economic problems and the status and Quebec.
political
Reagan's spending policies produced record government budget deficits, presidents since then have struggled to right the economy and deal in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Africa
social
poverty and AIDS are widespread concerns. Religions have led to violence in parts of Africa.
economic
Organizations similar to the EU have formed to work toward political and economic integration throughout Africa.
political
While some African nations show signs of progress toward political stability, most are still racked with problems.
Middle East
social
Efforts at peace between Israel and Palestine continue to fail.
economic
Much of the Middle East and North Africa faces political instability, ethnic tension, high unemployment, growing poverty rates, poor education, and limited civil liberties.
political
Iran enforces strict adherence to Islamic law, which limits basic rights, yet Iran signed a nuclear deal with powerful countries to limit development and to allow more oversight into its nuclear program.
South and Southeast Asia
political
growing political instability was accompanied by rising tensions between hindus and muslims.
economic
since the 1990s the important developments are the growing economic power of India, the continuing rivalry between India and Pakistan, and the instability of Pakistan.
social
There is tensions between North and South Korea. The tension is from North Koreas weapons program. The two counties are neighbors and do not communicate which socially hurts them.
East Asia
political
The new Chinese government after MAO sought to modernize Chinas industry, agriculture, technology, and national defense. Communism still held strong, despite calls for reform. With new policies, per capita income doubled in the 1980s.
social
by the early 2000s the private sector accounted for more than 10 percent of the nations gross domestic product. A stock market opened. At the same time China was strengthening international trade relations. China joined the world trade organization in 2001 and normalized trade relations with the US in 2002.
economic
China adopts the one-child policy in 1979 to control population growth. They received incentives such as education. Benefits like child care and housing are offered to couples who limit their families to one child.
Western Europe
political
France faced problems as resentment grew against foreign born residents, especially muslims.
social
Germany reunified in 1990, symbolized by the tearing down of the Berlin wall.
economic
Leaders of Western Europe faced many economic challenges at the end of the 20th century and beginning of the 21st century.
South/Central America
social
Increased public education and economic growth have lessened the gap between rich and poor.
economic
recently, left wing governments have gained popularity as Bolivia, Paraguay and Peru have elected populist leaders.
political
since 1990, many South American countries have transitioned to democracies and reformed their social and economic structures.