Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Challenges of Nation Building (Reorganisation (Outcomes (path to politics…
Challenges of Nation Building
Challenges for the new nation
Difficult circumstances
devastation and displacement of partition
Broad challenges
united, yet accommodative
establish democracy
ensure the development and well-being of the entire society
Goals
govt. will do good for all
democratic government
Partition
Process/Problems
not all Muslim majority areas wanted to be in Pakistan
two of the Muslim majority provinces had very large areas where the non-Muslims were in majority
no single belt of Muslim majority
problem of ‘minorities’ on both sides
Consequences
communal zones
refugee camps
women and children
administrative+financial division
Integration of Princely States
The problem
could threaten the very existence of a united India
possibility that India would get further divided
prospects of democracy for these states also looked bleak
Govt's approach
3 considerations
people of most of the princely states wanted to become part of India
flexible in giving autonomy
integration and consolidation of the nation had assumed supreme importance
Manipur
Maharaja Singh signed the Instrument of Accession on the assurance that the internal autonomy would be maintained
under public pressure, elections were held the state became a constitutional monarchy
Government of India succeeded in pressurising the Maharaja into signing a Merger Agreement
Hyderabad
movement of the people of Hyderabad State against the Nizam’s rule
Nizam unleashed a para-military force known as the Razakars
Standstill Agreement with India in November 1947 for a year
September 1948, Indian army moved in
Nizam wanted an independent status for Hyderabad
Nizam surrendered
Reorganisation
Outcomes
path to politics and power was now open to people other than the small English speaking elite
uniform basis to the drawing of state boundaries
strengthened national unity
acceptance of the principle of diversity
Commission
States Reorganisation Commission in 1953
boundaries of the state should reflect the boundaries of different languages
States Reorganisation Act was passed in 1956
14 states and six union territories
Protests in Andhra
Protests in the Telugu speaking areas of Madras province
Vishalandhra movement demanded that the Telugu speaking areas should be separated
momentum as a result of the Central government’s vacillation
Prime Minister announced the formation of a separate Andhra state in December 1952
Govt concerns
might lead to disruption and disintegration
draw attention away from other social and economic challenges
fate of the Princely States had not been decided
memory of Partition was still fresh
Colonial rule
administrative convenience; coincided with the territories annexed; the territories ruled by the princely powers.
national movement rejected these divisions + promised the linguistic principle
Goal
linguistic and cultural plurality could be reflected without affecting the unity