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development (algorithm (algorithms analysis (main resources (time, memory)…

- - - - types
        
        Simple sort
        
        Selection sort
        
        Bubble sort
        
        Insertion sort
        
        quick sort
        
        merge sort
        
        heap sort
    - - searching strategies
  - - - is all about understanding growth rates
    - - time
      - memory
    - - types
        
        linear similar
        
        graph
        
        a straight line that is not
        horizontal
        
        A linear growth rate is a growth rate where the resource needs and the amount of data is directly
        proportional to each other
        
        log linear
        
        graph
        
        loglinear growth rate is a slightly curved line
        
        constant
        
        graph
        
        horizontal line
        
        A constant resource need is one where the resource need does not grow
        
        logrithmic
        
        A logrithmic growth rate is a growth rate where the resource needs grows by one unit each time the
        data is doubled
        
        quadratic
        
        graph
        
        parabola
        
        cubic
        
        graph
        
        look very similar to the quadratic curve
        
        it grows significantly faster
        Growth Rates
        
        exponential
        
        graph
        
        flat but quickly shoots up to near vertical
        
        where each extra unit of data requires a doubling of resource
      - how much more resource will my algorithm require?
    - - WHAT
        
        for stating the growth of resource
        needs (efficiency and storage) of an algorithm
      - Omega
        
        WHAT
        
        Big-O
        
        WHAT
        
        def
        
        rankings
        
        O(n), O(1)
        
        O(n e2), O(n e3), O(2 en )
        
        O(log n) , O(nlog n),
        
        Theta
        
        WHAT
        
        Little-O
        
        WHAT
  - - - the set of well defined instruction in sequence to solve a program
    - - 1
        
        inputs and outputs should be defined precisely
      - 2
        
        each steps in algorithm should be clear and unambiguous
      - 3
        
        Algorithm should be most effective among many different ways to solve a problem
      - 4
        
        An algorithm shouldn't have computer code. Instead, the algorithm should be written in such a way that, it can be used in similar programming languages
- - - - dynamic
        
        performed at run time by operating system
      - static
        
        increse the size of the code in your binary
      - shared
  - - - Java API
      - Google Maps API
      - Flash Player API
    - - interface that allows software programs to interact with each other
  - - - web
        
        Web framework, WF
        
        Web Application Framework, WAF
  - - - DEVELOPMENT KITS
        
        Software Development Kit, SDK or devkit
        
        example
        
        GWT
        
        Flex SDK
        
        Java Development Kit, JDK
        
        What ?
        
        Driver Development Kit, DDK
        
        WDK ( Windows Driver Kits )
    - - a set of tools used for a particular purpose
      - often an application will incorporate classes from one or more libraries of predefined classes
        
        is a set of related and reusable classes designed to provide useful, general -purpose functionality
    - - C++ I/O stream
- - - - consists of
        
        source code editor
        
        automation tools
        
        debugger
  - - - is a routine/function/method which is specialized in a certain type of data or focused on certain special tasks
    - - event handler
        
        Receives and digests events and signals from the surrounding system (e.g. OS or GUI)
      - memory handler
        
        Performs certain special tasks on memory
- - - - conda
        
        PL
        
        Python, Ruby, Lua, Scala, Java, JavaScript, c/c++, Fortran
    - - Python, R
        
        anaconda
  - - - a piece of software that lets you manage the dependencies (external code written by you or someone else) that your project needs to work correctly
      - package
        
        a reusable piece of software which can be downloaded from a global registry into a developer’s local environment
    - - web
        
        javaScript
        
        yarn
        
        npm
        
        font-end
        
        bower
      - OS
        
        macOS
        
        Homebrrew -> brew
        
        What
        
        based on git
        
        linux
        
        debian
        
        dpkg
        
        wpkg
        
        Arch Linux
        
        pacman
        
        Fedora
        
        yum
        
        from 22 version
        
        dpg
        
        Windows
      - editors
        
        atom
        
        apm
  - - - php
        
        composer
      - Python
        
        Pipenv --> pip
    - - CocoaPods
        
        PL
        
        Swift, Objective-C
- - - - one- time
        
        occurs one time between the modal and the UI. Typically, when the UI is initially created.
        
        practical when the data never or very rarely changes
      - change detection
        
        What
        
        process, automated mechanism to determine if changes to the model have occurred
        
        one - way
        
        About
        
        major benefit of this approach
        
        is that data flows throughout your app in a single direction and you have better control over it (we'll see how). Also the application state is contained in specific stores and as a result different components of your app remain loosely coupled
        
        two - way
        
        About
        
        the view is updated when the state changes
        
        when you change a model in AngularJS the view automatically reflects the changes
        
        View < > State
- - - - stvaranje raćunalnog procesa
      - process control block
      - pokretanje procesa
        
        proces može pokrenuti drugi proces
        
        tehnički gledano svaki proces je pokrenut od nekog drugog procesa ili od početnog procesa
        
        pitanje od kud dolazi inicjativa
        
        UNIX => početni proces je init
        
        prilikom pokretanja sustava
        
        proces koji stupaju u interakciju s korisnikom (engl. foreground process)
        
        pozadinski procesi (engl. background process)
        
        nisu pridodjeljeni određenom korisniku no imaju određenu zadaću
        
        UNIX & LINUX
        
        deamon
        
        Windows
        
        Service
        
        korisnik pokreće proces
        
        pomoću grafičkog sučelja (GUI)
        
        pokretanjem naredbe u ljuski OS-a
        
        u naredbenom redku
        
        aktiviranje zadataka u određeno vrijeme( batch job )
        
        kada dođe vrijeme OS stvara i pokreće proces
        
        korisnik OS određuje u koje vrijeme će se određeni proces pokrenuti
        
        UNIX : cron, at
      - What ?
        
        program u izvršavanju
        
        središnji koncept svakog operacijskog sustava
        
        -apstrakcija programa u izvođenju
      - prividni paralelizam
        
        about
        
        izvršavanje se prebacuje s jednog na drugi zadatak
        
        prebacivanje iz jenog na drugi je vrlo brzo -> red veličina manje od 1ms
        
        mora postijati algoritam dodijeljivanja procesora pojedinom procesu
        
        u svakom trenutku procesor zapravo obrađuje samo jedan proces
        
        pretpostavimo da pod pojmom "Processor" mislimo da jednu jezgru procesora
        
        introduction
        
        resource ( računalna sredstva )
        
        jasno razlučivi djelovi računala
        
        opčenito => sklopovski ali i programski dijelovi računala
        
        pojedini zadaci različito troše računalna sredstva
        
        multiprograming/multitasking
        
        više procesa napreduje u izvršavanju zadataka koristeći različite dijelove sustava
        
        ukoliko jedan proces čeka na rezultate U/I operacije drugi može koristiti procesor
        
        naizmjenično dodijelivanje sredstava peocesima
        
        bolje iskorištenje svih računalnih sredstava
        
        bolja i lakša organizacija poslova unutar računalnog sustava
        
        radi podizanja učinkovitosti pokazalo se kako je dobro istovremeno izvoditi više zadataka
    - - upravljanje prekidnim sustavom(interrupt handling)
      - raspoređivanje programa u memoriji (dispatching)
      - upravljanje rač. resursima (resource menagement)
      - alokacija memorijskog prostora (program allocation)
      - upravljanje datotečnim sustavom (file managment)
      - upravljanje procesima (job control)
      - zaštita i pouzdanost (system reliability)
    - - skup programa koji objedinjuju sve sklopovske dijelove računala i omogućuju njihovu djelotvornu primjenu
      - an OS is a 'software' that manages all of the hardware resources associated with your destop or laptop .... OS manages the comunication between your software and your hardware
    - - simple batch system
      - multiprograming batch system
      - multiprocessor system
      - destop system
      - distributed OS
      - clustered system
      - realtime OS (RTOS)
        
        used to control machinery, scientific intruments and industrial systems
        
        little user-interface capability
      - handheld System
  - - - Window
        
        versions
      - Linux
        
        distribution or distros
        
        ...
        
        arch based
        
        Alpine linux
        
        docker
        
        Arch linux
        
        Debian based
        
        Linux Mint
        
        based on debian and ubuntu
        
        Kali linux
        
        pen test
        
        Ubuntu
        
        Debian
        
        Red Hat based
        
        CentOS ( suited for servers )
        
        Fedora
        
        rpm based
        
        Red Hat ( for servers )
        
        openSUSE
        
        What is 'distro'?
        
        linux has a number of different versions to suit nearly any type of user
        
        File system
        
        Sve je file, u suprotnom je proces.
        
        iznimke
        
        block device => b
        
        directories => d
        
        link => I
        
        special files => c
        
        socket => s
        
        named pipe - p
        
        parts
        
        bootloader
        
        the software that manages the boot process of your computer
        
        the kernel ( lowest level of OS)
        
        this is the piece of the whole that is actually called 'Linux'
        
        is a core of system and manages the CPU, memory, and peripheral devices
        
        deamons
        
        background services ( printing, sound, scheduling, etc ) that either start up during boot, or after you log into the destop
        
        the shell ( command proces )
        
        graphical server
        
        referred to 'X server' or 'X'
        
        destop enviroments
        
        types
        
        Cinnamon
        
        Linux MInt
        
        Unity
        
        Ubuntu
        
        GNOME
        
        KDE
        
        open SUSE
        
        XFCE
        
        each destop enviromet includes built-in application
        
        applications
      - Unix
      - MacOS
- - - - container
        
        basic commands
        
        docker run <image>
        
        started com. new conatiner
        
        any image => NEW container
        
        first start
        
        docker start <name | id >
        
        restarted container
        
        docker stop <name | id >
        
        after run => stop ..
        
        docker ps [ -a include stopped containers]
        
        accidentally created containers
        
        docker rm <name | id >
        
        docker run -it --rm -p <hostpost>: <contain> docker -nodejs bash
        
        odma uništi taj docker containter
        
        8080:8080
        
        unutarnji
        
        vanjski (2)
      - /etc/hosts
- - - - start service
        
        systemctl enable docker -test
        
        systemctl start name_of_service
        
        systemctl status name_of_services
      - /etc/systemd/systemn :question:
- - - - Abstract data type, ADT
        
        basic
        
        Lists
        
        type of linked lists
        
        Linked lists
        
        Circular lists
        
        Doubly linked lists
        
        WHAT
        
        ordered sequence of values
        
        classification
        
        containers / collections
        
        Stack
        
        rule
        
        1 more item...
        
        operations
        
        6 more items...
        
        WHAT
        
        1 more item...
        
        Queue
        
        Queue
        
        4 more items...
        
        :pencil2:
        
        2 more items...
        
        tables/ dictionaries
        
        WHAT
        
        3 more items...
        
        operations
        
        8 more items...
        
        types
        
        2 more items...
        
        advanced
        
        Matrix
        
        Graph
        
        Directed Acyclic Graph
        
        graph node (vrh grafa)
        
        arcs( directed edges) - lukovi
        
        directed graph or digraph (usmjereni graf)
        
        type
        
        1 more item...
        
        may contain cycles
        
        Tree
        
        deque
- - - - Virtual reality (VR)
      - Agnumented reality (AR)