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extrinsic regulation of GFR (prostaglandins (a lipid, causes vasodilation…
extrinsic regulation of GFR
sympathetic
purpose:
to decrease filtration (to divert blood from being excreted as urine)
granular cells release renin
(via beta-1 receptors)
constrict afferent arterioles
more than efferent arterioles to decrease filtration to conserve blood volume (via alpha-1 receptors)
ex:
if you are hemorrhaging
ANP
dilates afferent arterioles and constricts efferent arterioles to promote filtration
the trigger for its release is increased BV in the right atrium
it is released by myocytes of the right atrium
purpose:
to increase filtration (to lower blood volume)
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
purpose: to decrease filtration (to maintain blood volume)
angiotensin II constricts both arterioles, but efferent arterioles have a higher sensitivity to it
at a low dose:
angiotensin II constricts efferent arterioles, which raises CHP while reducing renal blood flow
at a high dose:
both afferent and efferent arterioles constrict
prostaglandins
a lipid
causes
vasodilation
of both afferent and efferent arterioles
purpose:
its a protective mechanism to make sure that the renal tissue is being properly perfused
ex:
sympathetic reaction to a hemorrhage leads to local prostaglandin production to provide protective effect of renal blood flow
nonsterodial anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)
block the synthesis of prostaglandins which removes the protective mechanism to maintain blood flow to the nephrons