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week 9 critical perspectives on management and organisations (how do org.…
week 9
critical perspectives on management and organisations
an ideall worker&the professional identity
ideal worker
: due to a move towards 24/7/365 work cycle, employees today are expected to prioritise work ahead of family, personal needs, and even health
totally
committed
to/
always available
to fulfill his or her work duties
employees-
embrace
this expetation is richly
rewarded
,esp. those performing professional or managerial jobs
professional identity
:role identities comprise of goals,values,beliefs,norms,interaction styles,and time horizons associated with a given role
2 main forms of pro. identities:
·
expected
: employer expectations and beliefs
·
experienced
: own expectations and beliefs
org. employing pro. expect their workers to conform to the ideal worker image
worker's experienced pro identity-----does not meet the ideal work image(i.e. expected pro identity) conflict arises
expectation---lead to persisting gender inequality in the workplace
how do org. controls employees' professional identity
structure of work:
the sucessful performance of the pro. role been contingent upon always priorting work demands over all other life demands and therefore always being available avaliable to the employer
performance evaluations
:reinforcing the above structure of work by rewarding(e.g.promotions,salary increments, non-monetary rewards -stars) those who fulfill such 'expected' pro. identity
structure of work&performance evaluatiosn:create a self-fufilling the 'expected' pro identity
how do employees cope with conflicting professional identities?
pro.cope with conflict
pro cope with conflicting identities by'straying' from the expected identity(i.e. ideal worker image)
·do either by passing or revealing
passing
: intentional or accidental misrepresentation of membership in the favoured group(i.e. expected pro. identity)
revealing
: intentional or accidental disclosure of non-membership in the favoured group(i.e.expected pro. identity)
tools for straying
personally altering the structure of work (i.e.passing)
personally altering the structure of work(i.e. passing)
·focusing on cultivating a local client base
·working on internal projects to ↓ travel time
·working from home
seeking assistance in restructuring work(i.e. revealing)
·applying for ↓workloads
·seeking parental and/or carer's leave(i.e.passing and revealing)
hiding or sharing personal info(i.e. passing and revealing)
congruence vs conflict
employee's expected and experienced pro. identities are in sync&congruent they are unlikely to experience conflict
BUT a large % pro. experience conflict b/t 2 identities
hisorically, researchers and practitioners focused on women (based on popular gender norms),esp women with young child
integrated identity management strategies for multiple audiences
combing passing and revealing----factors influencing the use of passing and/or revealing when interacting with audiences
closeness of relationship
perceived access to formal accommodations
audience status
extremtly of the conflict experienced
spillover of perceptions across audience
efforts to pass or reveal to one audience(e.g.high status)can spillover and influence the perceptions held of the pro. by other audiences(e.g.same or low status)
revealing to close collegues often results in informal-revealing to broader audiences across the org.
passing to high-status--tends to facilitate passing to wide high-status audiences
reveaing to high-status audiences often result in revealing to broader audiences across the org.
consequences of using integrated identify management strategies for professionals
gender differences
on average: women less likely to engage to identity management strategies that allow passing to high-status audiences and more likely to reveal
men:equally likely---passing&revealing
women use more formal accommodations than men
senior audience:performance evaluation system
extermal perceptions and performance evaluation
high performance rating given to: -embrace expected pro. identity(i.e.congruent with their experienced pro. identity)
-use passing (esp.to senior-status audiences)identity management strategies to cope with conflict
low performance---use revealing
high performance---use passing or embrace expected pro identity