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Cognitivism | Behaviorism (teaching methods (contracts (clear expectations…
Cognitivism | Behaviorism
originated
early 1900's
originated
mid 1900s
measures
observable behaviors
measures
non-observable/internal processes
are
learning theories
motivates by
intrinsic schema
motivates by
extrinsic reward
instituted by
Pavlov
classical conditioning
Watson
environment/stimuli influences who you are
Skinner
Father of Operant Conditioning
instituted by
Vyogtsky
Zone of Proximal Development
resulted in the teaching theory scaffolding
Piaget
asssimilation and accommodation
connects
previous knowledge
learning is demonstrated through retention and recall
Builds on schemas
connects
Behaviors
learning is demonstrated through reactions
requires reinforecement
response to
intrinsic schema
response to
stimulus
emphasizes
retention
recall
higher level thinking skills
emphasizes
reinforcement
response
rote memorization
learner viewed as
black box
learner viewed as
active participant
need
evidence
characterized by
active involvement
relationships
Sequencing, organizing, sequencing
Characterized by
reinforcement
behaviors
responses
punishment
teaching methods
inquiry and discovery learning
problem based learning
cognitive apprenticeship
scaffolding
teaching methods
contracts
clear expectations for rewards
clear expectations for consequences
role playing
chorus response
chaining
shaping
fading
why
developed to explain how learning happens
teaching methods
fading
methods need to be required on a frequent basis
focused on
process
focused on
outcome
primarily
social
primarily
individual