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ENGLAND IN 1485 (English Society (Nobles (There were around 50 nobles in…
ENGLAND IN 1485
Farming
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Enclosure
This was involved putting a fence around a field to produce only one crop or to keep livestock in. Tenants could lose their land strips when this happened, and sometimes common land was enclosed, creating uproar in the village
Cloth Industry
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Although agriculture provided the main livelihood fro England's inhabitants, the woollen cloth industry created the most wealth
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English Society
Population, around 3 million, 90% of whom lived in rural communities
London 60 000, other cities around 15 000
The Great Chain of Being
The belief that there was a social hierarchy with God at the top and the king next who was god's anointed on earth. Strongly enforced by the church, which also made them powerful to control the people - Social status dominated society
Nobles
There were around 50 nobles in England, who owned large areas of land and had considerable influence over the locals.
The King relied on his nobles to maintain law and order in their areas of the country and to prevent rebellions
Some 15th century monarchs had tried to but support by granting many new titles. Henry Vii only created three earls in his reign, thus making the honour special and ensuring those who got it were loyal to him
England was more unified than many other European countries. They had common law and an accepted language (except in the peripheries like Cornwall). Wales was viewed as part of England even though they spoke a different language in many parts. Some areas semi-independent eg. under the control of a leading noble or the church
Catholic Church
Similar to secular society the church had its own hierarchy from archbishops and bishops to poor parish priests who earned less than £15 a year.
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Peasants were illiterate so the clergy had to explain the bible's teachings to them mainly through paintings or stain glass windows in churches
Life was often short with many diseases and few medicines in Tudor England. Therefore people turned to the church with their fears and for them to provide certainties