Ethnographic Practice
observation
Initial and General
Research is an inquiry, a search for a new knowledge and a new understanding.
Determination of Elements
The main requirements of observation are naturally, a watchful eye, a fine ear and a good memory
Empathy and Rapport Process
Rapport appears slowly in most field investigations. And when it appears it can be tentative and fragile. It is doubtful whether any person fully relies on the other, at all times and in all circumstances.
Technique "Fly on the wall
In this case, the researcher only performs the role of researcher and observes situations of interest
Interview
Casual Non Structured
Although observation is at the heart of pure ethnography, most educational research work has been mainly based on interviews
First Survey
One of the keys to the fruitful interview is the knowledge of when and how to probe, to explore, to scrutinize. Throughout the interviews the researcher tracks issues that emerged as consequences of specific questions, encourages the informant to describe the experiences in detail, and precious constantly to clarify his words.
Categorization and Second Polling
While interviewers try to develop an open and honest relationship with informants, they should be alert to possible exaggerations and distortions in the stories
Direct Issue
As a means of collecting information, especially as an appropriate means of collecting data from our broader than can be obtained by personal interviews
Application in the field
Institutional Dimensions
Specific Subjects
Income is a common problem in ethnography and, consequently, the respective literature presents voluminous and valuable recommendations to researchers who try to get into an institution, about how to dress, how to behave, what to say.
A detailed description of the setting and the position of the people within them provides important apprehensions about the nature of participants' activities, their patterns of interaction, their perspectives and ways of presenting themselves to others
Analysis Logs
For all practical purposes, there is an unlimited number of official and public documents, records and materials available as data sources
Initial Reports
Perhaps the tentative reflection, which takes place from the collection of data, that produces the most important apprehensions; Can vary in degree of complexity. Some researchers record comments outside the transcript of their discussions with students and include them in the final report.
Construction of Categories
Empirical Rudimentary
At times when the mass of data incorporated into field notes, transcripts, documents, has to be ordered with a certain systematicity, generally through classification and categorization
Parallel Readings
Another aspect of the ethnographic analysis that can be derived from the type of elemental analysis, operating independently of it, is that of concept formulation
Diagnostic Assay
The main emphasis has been on discovery rather than on the verification of theories, but this does not include, that the analysis is as much guided by data collection as the said collection. The categories and their properties are noted and saturated.
Initial Solution Visions
In ethnography the analysis takes place simultaneously with the data collection. When observing, interviewing, field notes are taken and the research diary is made, the work of the ethnographer is not limited to recording