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Poor governance in Hong Kong (Current situation (ineffective policy making…
Poor governance in Hong Kong
Current situation
low legitimacy (i.e. the government is not trusted nor supported by the citizens)
difficult for the government to reach consensus
polices fail to address public's concerns
ineffective policy making (i.e. not making the policy in a timely manner)
e.g. filibustering in LegCo (a method to delay the legislative process so as to prevent some unjust polices to be passed)
ineffective policy implementation
Solutions
longer time for consultations --> allow more people to voice out their opinions
in response to the public dissatisfaction caused by filibustering in LegCo, the rules of procedures of the LegCo (議事規則) should be amended (e.g. set a time limit for members of the LegCo to express their opinions & stop them from suggesting irrelevant motions)
Possible causes
non-representative, inefficient and ineffective LegCo
being bypassed by the executive branch in policy making
power to monitor the government (through P&P) is weaken by split voting
filibustering
limited power to propose policies and laws
presence of functional constituency --> pro-business
non-representative government/executive branch
dual accountability of the CE: the CE is accountable to both the Beijing and the local people, but the interests of local people and the Beijing government are different --> Hong Kong people would question whether the CE protects local interests
non-representative Election Committee:
electoral base of the EC is too narrow: only 250000 electorates選民 out of 3.5 million registered voters in HK
unfair voting: some people have more votes (e.g. corporate vote)
size of the EC is too small: seven million people is represented by a 1200-panel --> under represented
composition of the EC is disproportionate to the city’s demographic/ not transparent: allocation of seats in the Election Committee gives disproportionate representation to some sub-sectors
e.g. fishing industry accounts for 0.1% of GDP but has 5% of the EC seats while the business sector, which has the highest contribution to HK economy and holds economic and financial power, has around 400 seats
Unclear/ not transparent in terms of the eligibility of the electorates
perceived unfair election process
ineffective consultation
time lag (i.e. time lag between the consultation period and the actual decision of the policy) --> the government's attitude would change when making the actual decision
e.g. the government had consulted on the North East New Territories Development plan and received little opposition, until it was accused by certain groups that the plan would lead to the integration of Hong Kong and Shenzhen --> ?
fail to facilitate consensus building among different stakeholders
low involvement
passive way of consultation (e.g. inform the citizens of what is to be consulted through only some long consultation documents and unattractive board displays) --> the affected public
do not know the existence of the consultation --> unable to reach out
insincerity of the government (e.g. has default stances)
low sense of political efficacy (i.e. feel powerless to change the current political situation as they believe that their opinions would not be adopted) --> low participation motivation --> low response rate
people's doubt towards the usefulness of expressing opinions
Impact
intensified social division
the government being unable to help different parties with different political stances (e.g. pan-democratic and pro-establishment//pro-Hong-Kong and pro-Beijing) to reach consensus --> intensifies the conflicts between them --> destroys social harmony
the economic development of Hong Kong would be hampered
policies which are beneficial to Hong Kong people and Hong Kong's economic development would face great resistance from society --> negatively affect the economic development of Hong Kong