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Chromosomes, Mitosis & Culturing organisms (Chromosomes (carry large…

- - - - If not dividing, DNA all spread in long strings
      - Before divide cell grows and increases
        mitochondria & ribosomes
      - DNA duplicates, forms X-shaped with each
        arm exact duplicate of the other
    - - grow or replace damaged cells
      - End is 2 new identical daughter cells to the original
        parent cells, same number of chromosomes
      - Chromosomes line up at centre and cell fibres
        pull them apart, 2 arms go to the opposite end
      - Membranes form around each set of chromosomes.
        Become nuclei, hence nucleus has divided
      - Lastly, cytoplasm and cell membrane divide
- - - - contains carbohydrates, mineral, proteins and vitamins
      - can be
        
        nutrient broth solution
        
        agar jelly
        
        can make agar plate, hot agar jelly poured in Petri dish
        
        place bacteria inoculating loop or
        dropping pipette and spreader when cool
    - - visible colonies on surface of jelly
      - or spread out give an even covering
    - - School no more than 25C as higher temperature
        can lead to harmful pathogens growing
      - industry much higher temperature so faster
  - - - contaminate results
      - growth of pathogens
    - - Petri dish and culture medium must be sterilised before use
        
        kill unwanted organism
        
        by heating to high temperature
      - inoculating loop sterilised by passing through hot flame
      - after transfer of bacteria, lid should be lightly
        taped to stop microorganism from air getting in
      - store upside down to stop condensation
        falling onto the agar surface