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INDIA-RUSSIA-II (DEFENSE: (HIGH END MILITARY HARDWARE: TRANSFERED TO INDIA…

- - - - COST ESCLATIONS
      - DELAY IN SERVICES
      - POOR SERVICING
      - RUSSIA IS OFTEN NOT IN POSITION TO PROVIDE SPARE PARTS
      - RUSSIA HAS RECENTLY ENDED SELF IMPOSED MORATORIUM TO SELL OFFENSIVE WEAPONS TO CHINA AND PAKISTAN
        
        LIKE MI 35 HELICOPTER TO PAKISTAN
        SUKOI M35 TO CHINA
      - RUSSIA CONTINUED MILITARY EXERCISE WITH PAKISTAN EVEN AFTER TERROR ATTACK ON URI
- - - - this can be done as ussia too plans to join cpec
- - - - it made russia and china to openly cooperate on unsc , decline in us hegemony and strengthening of mulipolar world
      -  Russia has also agreed to merge the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), a body set up by it in 2010 to check the growing influence of China in Central Asia, with CPEC
      - Russia supported China’s rejection of the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) verdict against China’s claims to the disputed South China Sea islands.
      -  Russia has also supported the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): which added startegic legitimacy to bri in central asia
  - - - SO RUSSIA ALWAYS WANTED INDIA TO BALANCE CHINA
        THAT'S WHY RUSSIA PROPOSE RIC TRIANGLE
  - - - HENCE THEY ARE DEVELOPING INTERDEPENDENCE
- - - - BUT BECOZ OF GEOGRAPHICAL DISADVANTAGE
        THE SYNERGY B/W INDIA -US REGARDING THESE RELATIONS HAS NOT BEEN ABLE TO TAKE UP
  - - - RUSSIA IS EXPECTED TO BUILT 12 NEW REACTORS
      - ADVANTAGES OF RUSSIA'S NUCLEAR REACTOR:
        
        LOW COST PRODUCTION
        
        NO CONDITION TO SUSPEND COOPERATION IN CASE INDIA GOES FOR NUKE TESTING
        
        TRANSFERING REPROCESSING TECH
        
        INDIA RUSSIA ARE GOING FOR JOINT MINING OF URANIUM
        
        INDIA AND RUSSIA WILL BE BUILDING NUKE REACTOR IN 3 RD COUNTRIES
- - - - The paradox is that as India has moved strategically closer to the US, American policy has worked against India’s regional interests, propelling Moscow to forge closer ties with China and to build new relationships with the Taliban and Pakistan.
  - - - According to C Raja Mohan:
        
        With Beijing increasingly constraining India’s regional and global space, the fragility of the DelhiMoscow bond has become exposed. As Russia turns to China and vacates a key position in India strategic matrix, Delhi must begin to explore the European option.When Russia formally joins OBOR, it will have indirectly taken a position on Kashmir which is not necessariy i keeping with the indian stand on the issue
      - According to HARSH PANT,
        
        the recent changes in Russian foreign policy posture have causedconsternation in India. Moscow is getting closer to China and Pakistan — two of India’s biggest foreign policy changes for india
        
        it has caused two startegic cracks in russia's afpak policy
        
         The intensifying Russia-Pakistan
        
        arms sales mi 35 helicopter
        
        joint military exercises friendship
        (one of them was barely a week after the Uri terror attack
        
        and the apparent Russian reluctance to mention cross-border terrorism at the BRICS Summit in Goa.
        
         Added to this were revelations of Russia’s contacts with the Taliban, followed by a RussiaChina-Pakistan meeting on Afghanistan in Moscow in December last year. It indicated a break from Russia’s hitherto policy (convergent with India’s) of unequivocal support for the Afghan government in its fight against the Taliban and its efforts for national reconciliation.
- - - - as reset b/w usa and russia ties will reduce russia's tilting towards china, and will require less balancig b/w russia and china