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Criminal Justice System ( Herbert Packer - Models of Criminal Justice…

- - - - Preliminary Hearing/Grand Jury
        
        Information/Indictment
        
        Arraignment
        
        Trial
        
        Sentencing
        
        Appeals
- - - - Visible
        
        Violent Crime
        
        Homicide
        
        Assault
        
        Battery
        
        Rape
        
        Robbery
        
        Property Crime
        
        Theft
        
        Larceny
        
        Shoplifting
        
        Embezzlement
        
        Burglary
        
        Public-Order (threaten well-being of society and challenge accepted moral principles)
        
        Public Intox
        
        Panhandling
        
        Vandalism
        
        Disorderly Conduct
      - Occupational
        
        white collar crime
        
        skimming
        
        insider trading
        
        tax evasion
        
        fraud
        
        counterfeit products
        
        money laundering
      - Organized
        
        profit through illegal activities
        
        maintains through use of threats or force, corruption of public officials
        
        ties to other crime "types" - visible, occupational, transnational & cyber
      - Transnational
        
        crimes which the cross national borders
        
        drug trafficking
        
        smuggling
        
        human trafficking
        
        bribery, extortion, & financial crimes
      - Victimless
        
        prostitution
        
        gambling
        
        drug sales
        
        drug use
      - Political
        
        terrorism
        
        document leaking
        
        election rigging
        
        treason
      - Cybercrime
        
        phishing schemes
        
        hacking
        
        intimidation/extortion
        
        child pornography
    - - urban vs. rural
      - socio-economic status
      - intra-racial
      - relationship between victim and perpetrator
    - - economic
      - psychological
      - operational
    - - Programs - guidance through the court process
    - - Claims by opponents of the death penalty
        
        The death penalty is more expensive than imprisonment
        
        Internationally, capital punishment is widely viewed as inhumane and barbaric
        
        A viable alternative exists in life imprisonment without the possibility of parole