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AP Human Geo (Unit 5 - Migration (Ravenstein came up with 5 laws of…
AP Human Geo
Unit 5 - Migration
International migration refers to movement between countries
Emigration - Migration out of a country
Immigration - Migration into a country
Migrant - One who migrates
Remittances refers to money sent home by migrants
Refugees flee political persecution
Ravenstein came up with 5 laws of migration:
Every migration produces a counter-migration
The majority of migrants move short distance
Migrants who go further choose bigger cities
Urbanites are more likely to migrate
Families are less likely to make international moves
Colonization is an example of forced migration
The Atlantic slave trade is an example of forced migration
Governments effect migration through border policy
Unit 1 - Intro
There are 5 spatial perspectives:
Location - Geographical position
Region - Features and geography
Place - The meaning and emotion attached to a region or location
Landscape - Overall appearance of an area
Movement - Mobility of goods and people
Different types of maps are used for different things
Scale usually refers to distances in relation to other distances
Cultural diffusion is the spread of one culture to another
To what extent does the environment shape human decisions?
Unit 2 - Globalization
Globalization processes are forces that encourage interconnectedness in the world
Began with nations in the 14th century exploring and colonizing
Wallerstein's world systems approach categorizes nations:
Core - Colonizing countries that dominate financial and political activities
Periphery - Remains underdeveloped and supplies core with materials, food, and labour
Semi-Periphery - Makes use of periphery resources but is still exploited by core
Neoliberalism refers to decreasing restrictions in trade
Vertical vs. Horizontal integration:
Vertical refers to one company owning many points along a production chain. For example, one company may own a talent agency, production studio, and movie theatre.
Horizontal refers to one company owning many companies at the same point along the production chain. For example, Gap owns Gap, the Old Navy, and Banana Republic.
Unit 4 - Population
Population density measures the number of people per area
Population distribution refers to where people are spread over the world's surface
We can predict future population with the birth and death rates
Infectious diseases spread from human to human:
Vectored diseases spread through bacteria or viruses
Non vectored diseases spread from direct contact
Governments affect population:
Expansive policies increase population, such as Canada's "Baby Bonus"
Restrictive policies reduce population, such as china's one child policy
Eugenic policies favour one race over another, such as the plan of the Arian race
Unit 3 - Political Geography
A state refers to a country, or actual place. A nation refers to the culture, or people, that may or may not reside in the state
Countries establish boundaries:
Define - Legally decide border
Delimit - Draw border on a map
Demarcate - Mark border on land
Administrate - Control border policy
Multistate nations refer to groups of people spanning many countries while multination states refer to countries which contain many peoples.