Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Humanitarian Emergencies: Disaster and Displacement (1951 Convention and…
Humanitarian Emergencies: Disaster and Displacement
1951 Convention and Refugees
1951 Convention spell out who is a refugee and what protections, rights, and assistance that they get
Originally for Post WWII European refugees, 1961 Protocal expanded it to all
States are responsible for protecting fundamental human rights of their citizens
When they don't, international community steps in
What is a refugee
Person outside of their country who cannot return due to fear of persecution
Migrants continue to enjoy protection of government even when abroad
No longer a refugee when basis for status ends
Volunteer repatriate
Naturalized in host country
Exclusions
Crimes against peace and humanity
Against the UN
Rights of Refugee
Non-refoulment: Can't force someone back
Has to respect measures taken for law and order
States protect rights of refugee
They have to create a central authority that does this
Binding on all states
UNHCR
Seek permeate solutions for refugees
Supervise states to follow 1951 convention
Ch22: International Migration and Development
International Migrant: Person who stays outside their usual country of residence for one year
As much as brazil
More than doubled in last 25 years
Trends
Hella women now
Traditional distinction between origin, transit, and destination has blurred
Migrate several times in life
Hey lets migrate
Why one migrates
Growing Disparities
Lack of development
Population pressures
All population growth from developing world
Protection from conflict
Not causes but differentials between different parts of the world???
Global Job Crisis
Unemployed or underemployed
Agriculture not hitting no more
Segmentation of Labour Markets
National workers don't work in some sectors of labour market
low-paying
little security
low status
Communication and transportation linkages
Communication
Reduced distance between different parts of world
Aware of opportunities abroad
Makes people aware of disparities
Digital Divide
Transportation
Lower but expensive if illegal
Migration networks
Linkages with previous migrants
provide info
lending money
helping to settle
Easier time passing through borders legally
But only select privileged minority
Formal only
Migration industry makes hella money, puts in momentum
Why are there so little migrants
Only 3% of worlds pop
Responses
Move internally (rural to urban)
Profit of migration industry keeps prices expensive
Very poorest people cant move
Others
Inertia: Staying with old land
Goverment control
Used to be stopping leaving, now stopping entering
Migration's impact on development
Remittances
Impact directly to family; outside of that depends on how money being spent
Diasporas
Various migrant orgs
Collects donations from members and sends it back home
But
Warfare
Dominated by one group, exasperate differences by target spending
Only money being sent for elite and rich stuff
Returning
Bring back capital and ideas
Could also retire/fail and not care
Brain Drain
Health
Displacement
Refugee shits
Links
Lack of development creating refugees
Correlation but no causation
Developmental implications in host countries
Assumed with negative impact
enviromental impacts
but dont make them illegal and it wont happen bitch
Wage rates
Social tensions
East Africa's Integrated Zonal Developments
Hella succesful
Low amount of migrants
Positive attitude
Refugees returning home
Physical issues like landmines and no housing
No access to key resources
Social confrontation in reintegration
Also could just start a diaspora
But access and willingness to partake in home stuff can wane
UNHCR viewpoint: ‘Refugee’ or ‘migrant’ – Which is right?
Refugee
we mean people fleeing war or persecution across an international border
Person outside of their country who cannot return due to fear of persecution
Migrants
People moving for reasons not included in the legal definition of a refugee.