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ABLATIVE (Manner (how something is done, typically w/ cum, basically…
ABLATIVE
Manner
how something is done
typically w/ cum
basically prepositional phrase (adj. prep. obj.)
Ablative Absolute
Two nouns, noun/pronoun + adj., or noun/pronoun + participle
grammatically free from the rest of the sentence
Explains circumstances of action in main part of sentence
Means
ALWAYS inanimate obj.
w/o prepositions
w/ what something is done
Material
used w/ e/ex
interchangeable w/ gen. of material
Degree of difference
usually occurs w/ comparative degree of adj.
e.g. "much taller/ taller by much"
Place from which
motion away from a place
w/ or w/o a preposition
Comparison
w/o preposition for second term of comparison
"than her mother"
Cause
typically w/ verbs of emotions
w/ special verbs
verbs that show plenty or want (e.g. careo)
Time
Time when or w/in
Agent
w/ passive voice and w/ a or ab, by whom something is done
Separation
liberare, separare, disiungere, defendere, prohibere, dividere, etc.
Accompaniment
w/ cum, with whom someone does something
Obj. of certain prepositions
cum, sub, in, de, sine, pro, a/ab, cum, e/ex, etc.
Description
interchangeable w/ gen. of description
Direct obj. of deponent verbs
potior, utor, fruor, fungor, vescor, and their compounds (PUFFV verbs)
Origin
Respect or specification
Price