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Glacial landscapes and landforms (Periglacial (Permafrost (Continuous (No…
Glacial landscapes and landforms
Glacial
cold based glacier
internal flow
crystals orrinate
in direction of glacier
slide past eachother
base and sides frozen
ice moves faster
crevasses develop
Antarctica
30 million km²
Greenland
80% of Greenland is ice
Alpine
Warm based glacier
movement process
basal slippage
PMP & meltwater.
move up to 3m a day
rotational flow
occurs within corrie,
birthplace of glaciers
compressing flow
ice deceleration - thickening of ice mass
extending flow
Valley gradient steeper .
Ice accelerates and becomes thinner
surges
Build up of meltwater , ice moving rapidly forward
250-300m
Basal flow
glacier moves over bedrock
friction, a lot of pressure
results in melting
ice flow more rapidly
pyramidal peak
landforms
Arete
corries
Truncated spurs
Hanging valley
Drumlins
4 more items...
Arete/pyramid
Striations
Roche moutonee - plucking
Gentle stoss
Steep lee
Overflow Channels
lower latitudes
Alps
PMP
Melt water permanent
Periglacial
Processes
Freeze thaw
Ground contraction
Ice wedge
polygons
Frost heave
Patterned ground
Solifuction
Solifluction lobes
Nivation
Nivation hollows
Permafrost
Discontinuous
Covers 50 - 90% of land surface
Gaps
sporadic
Under 50% of land surface
Isolated
Nivation
Continuous
No gaps
Siberia
Covers 80% of land surface
Active layer
Solifluction
Continentality
Tundra
25% land surface
Thermokarst
Hummocky
Pingo
Landforms
Patterned ground
Polygons
Stripes
Pingos
Open
Hydrostatic
East Greenland
Continuous permafrost
Closed
Hydraulic
Mackenzie
Discontinuous permafrost
Solifluction lobes
Pingos
Ice Wedges
Nivation hollows
Fluvioglacial
landforms
Eskers
subglacial stream
Kames- terrace
Outwash plains
snout
5-80km
depth 1-5m
material Brough down by glacier
sorted and dropped by running water
coarsest - shortest distance
fine - furthest distance
Braided streams
Kettle holes
Varves
Overflow channels
deglaciatin
lowest points of watersheds
meltwater lakes melts
drainage patterns revert to pre glacial stage
lakes develop on edge of ice
Sorted & subrounded
Meltwater