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Chapter 8 Wired LANs: Ethernet (Fast Ethernet (100 mbps) image (Goals,…
Chapter 8
Wired LANs: Ethernet
IEEE Standard
to set standards to enable intercommunication among equipment from a variety of manufacturers.
Project 802
( a way of specifying functions of
Physical Layer
Data Link Layer
Standard ethernet
Data link layer is divided into 2 sub layers
LLC (Logical Link Control)
responsible for the flow control, error control , and part of the framing duties
MAC (Media Access Control)
responsible for the operation of the CSMA/CD method & framing
governs the operation of the access method
Addressing
Each station ( Pc / Printer) on Ethernet network has its own network interface card (NIC)
Source Address is always
unicast address
Destination Adress can be:
Unicast (one recipient)
multicast (a group of address )
broadcast (special case of multicast address)
(i) Standard Ethernet (10 mbps)
Bridged ethernet
unbridged ethernet network
tations share the bandwidth of the network
Bridge ethernet network
divides network into 2 or more to gain more bandwidth for each segments
Collision domain becomes much smaller
Switched Ethernet
Bandwidth shared only between the station and the switch
Has additional sophistication - to allow faster handling of the packets
Full-Duplex Ethernet
station can send or receive data at the same time simultaneously
increase the capacity of each domain from 10 to 20 mbps
Fast Ethernet (100 mbps)
Designed to compete with other LAN protocols
Goals
• Make it compatible with Standard Ethernet
• Upgrade the data rate to 100Mbps
• Keep the same frame format
• Keep the same minimum and maximum frame lengths
• Keep the same 48-bit address
access method : half duplex with CSMA/CD
new feature called autonegotiation
Physical Layer
uses star topology
can be categorized as two-wire or four-wire.
Gigabit Ethernet (1 Gbs)
standard 802.3z
Goals
•Upgrade the data rate to 1Gbps
•Make it compatible with Standard or Fast Ethernet
•Use the same 48-bit address
•Use the same frame format
•Keep the same minimum and maximum frame length
2 distinctive approaches medium access:
half duplex using CSMA/CD
full-duples without CSMA/CD (no collision)
frame bursting was proposed
Physical Layer:
use star topology
can be categorized as two-wire or four-wire implementation.
Ten-GigaBit Ethernet (10 gbs)
standard 802.3ae
Goals
• Upgrade the data rate to 10Gbps
• Make it compatible with Standard, Fast, and Gigabit Ethernet
• Use the same 48-bit address
• Use the same frame format
• Keep the same minimum and maximum frame length
operates only in full duplex mode (CSMA/CD is not used)
designed for using fiber-optic cable over long distance.
