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Transition to Democracy in Chile 1988 (Social (NO campaign (Way to work…
Transition to Democracy in Chile 1988
Social
REASONS
Breakdown of social fabric (crackdown on political parties + leftists, communism fear, exiles, disappearances, imprisonment, tortures.
Poverty as a result of neoliberalism (privatization of services, no social programs, anti-labour)
NO campaign
Way to work within the system and win more people over
Importance of marketing, TELEVISION mostly
Cultural + social knowledge
Political
Pinochet's need for legitimacy
1980 Plebiscite for constitution (sketchy elections)
1988 plebiscite
Consolidation of opposition
Mass mobilization (uncontrollable, too extreme, will scare off middle class)
consolidation vs. violence (Christian Democrat Alliance emerges, but wide variety of parties is needed to get the whole population)
work together to overthrow Pinochet, then work out differences later (get the most votes = get the middle + lower classes); political parties vs. popular social movements... demobilization = frustration
Introduction
Thesis: the victory of the opposition in the 1988 plebiscite can be attributed to the growing number of mobilized citizens and social organizations, the coalition between opposing political parties, and the successful use of the television campaigns.
History often retold with an emphasis on the TV/marketing angle, eg. No (2012) by Pablo Larrain