ch 4

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Cell Junctions
Contact points between the plasma membranes of tissue cells

Types of Cell junctions(5)
Tight Junctions, Adherens Junctions, Desmosomes, Herhidemosomes, and Gap Junctions

Gap Junction
Connexons connect neighboring cells to rapidly move energy or electricity to other cells. "Tunnels"

Tissue
Group of similar cells that predom specific functions

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Types of tissues
Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, and muscular

Epithelium Tissue
Closely packed cells arranger in continuous sheets that form the outer covering of body, line body cavities and cover some internal organs. Avascular, and reproduce readily.

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Apical Surface
Surfaces faces body surface- internally or externally.

Basal Surface
Opposite of Apical surface- adheres to basement membrane

Basement membrane
Basal lamina and reticular lamina

Vascular/Avascular
Not own nerve supply/Own nerve supply

Types shape

Epithelial classification
Number of layers(Simple Vs. Stratified) and shape (Squamous Vs. Cuboidal Vs. Columnar)

Simple
Single layer of cells. Allow for diffusion, osmosis, secretion, excretion, absorption, filtration.

Stratified
For protection (skin), multiple layers on top of each other

Pseudostratified
Pseudo-false. Looks like multiple layers but all cells are touching basal surface.

Squamous
Thin and flat

Cuboidal
Cube shaped

Columnar
Cells in columns

Transitional
Cells appear one way, but change shape under different conditions

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Glandular Epithelium
Cells lie in clusters deep to covering and lining epithelium, produce secretions. (Glands)

Endocrine Glands
Secretions(Hormones) enter the interstitial fluid and diffuses directly into blood stream with out flowing into a duct

Exocrine Glands
Cells produce a secretion into duct system that empties directly on surface of body or into a cavity (Sweat). Unicellular Vs. Multicellular. Simple Vs. Compound. Tubular Vs. Acinar Vs. tubuloacinar.

Tubular Vs Acinar Vs Tubuloacinar
Tube like Vs. Round Vs. Both

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"___"Blast

Immature cell

"__"Cyte

Mature cell

Osteo

Bone

Chondro

Cartialge

Fibroblasts

Secrete substances of extra cellular matrix

defensive cells

macrophages, White blood cells, Mast cells, and plasma cells

Adipocytes

Store energy though triglycerides

Extracellular Matrix

Contain Ground substance and fibers

Ground substance

Supports cell and binds together- stores water

Fibers (Connective)

Strengthen and support matrix. Types- Collagen, elastic, and reticular

Collagen Fibers

Strength

Elastic fibers

Elasticity or stretch

Reticular fibers

Support