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P10: Electricity and Circuits (Symbols (Resistor (image), LED (image),…
P10: Electricity and Circuits
Circuits
Series circuits
They have one loop for the current to flow around.
Current does not alternate and it goes the same way
Parallel Circuits
They have junctions that allow the current to take different routes
The currents split up
Equations
Energy transferred (joule, J) = charge moved (coulomb, C) × potential difference (volt, V)
Charge (coulomb, C) = current (ampere, A) × time (second, s)
Potential difference (volt, V) = current (ampere, A) × resistance (ohm, Ω)
Energy transferred (joule, J) = current (ampere, A) × potential difference (volt, V) × time (second, s)
Power (watt, W) = energy transferred (joule, J) ÷ time taken (second, s)
Voltmeter
It is connected in parallel
It measures Potential Difference (V)
Symbol
Ammeter
Connected in a series
Symbol
Measures current
Symbols
Resistor
LED
Motor
Bulb
Battery
Cell
LDR
Thermistor
Variable resisitor
Current
Measured by an ammeter
What causes it in metals?
The flow of electrons
Electric current is the rate of flow of charge
Measured in amps
Resisitance
If the resistance increases, the current decreases
If the resistance decreases, the current increases
Current decrease when resistors are connected in series because the pathway becomes harder for the current to flow through
Graphs
Filament lamp
Diode
Fixed resistor
