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CardiovascularSystemKhadraMohamed (Heart (Conductiong system of the heart,…

- - - - On the top of the heart made of dens irregular connective tissue
    - - Parietal pericardium
        
        Simple Squamous epithelial tissue
      - Visceral pericardium
        
        part of the heart wall layer
    - - Filld with serous fluid
  - - - = Visceral Pericardium/ serous membrane
    - - Muscle, spiral shape, helps in squeezing blood out of the ventricles
    - - Simple squamus epithelial tissue lines inside the heart wall
  - - - Short and branching cell with one or two large, centrally located nuclei
      - Intercalated disc
        
        Transverse region
        
        Fasciae adherence
        
        bind adjacent cells together and transmit the contractile force
        
        Longitudinal regions
        
        gap junction
        
        contain gap junction that allows ions to pass between cells
  - - - they don't send blood out of the heart/ seprates atrium and ventricles
        
        Tricuspid/ right antrioventriclar valvee
        
        Bicuspid/ left antrioventriclar valve
    - - 3 cuspes and opened by pressur of contracting the ventricles
        
        Pulmornary semilunar valve
        
        aortic semilunar valve
  - - - Impulse signals heart beat start her then travel heart muscle
    - - some of the impulses generated by AS reach AV node/ there is delay of fraction of seconds
    - - signal from AV node travels through the bundle to bundle branches
    - - divieded to right and left then the the Purkinje fibres
    - - approches the apex and in the ventricles wall
- - - - Has most elastic fibers. EX Aorta, Pulmonary trunk and large branches of aorta
    - - Has the most muscle fibers, take blood the organs/ it is part of the organs.
    - - The smallest arteries and most distal. capable of changing it diameter to regulate blood flow
  - - - Most Common, found in CNS, layer of the skin, skeletal muscle and smooth muscle, lest leaky
    - - more leaky than continuous capillaries/ high rate of exchange found in kidneys, small intestines and coroid plexuses
    - - Has large holes in basement membrane/ alot of exchange, found in liver, red bone marrow and spleen
- - - - Red blood cells carry oxygen
    - - White blood cells, immune system/ 5 differnt types of cells