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Bilingualism And Second-Language Acquisition (Advantages of Bilingaulism…
Bilingualism And Second-Language Acquisition
Background on Bilingualism
Bilingual Speakers
: Someone who is fluent in tow different languages
Simultaneous Bilingalism
Sequential Bilingualism
Some people live in countries where at least two languages are commonly used
Other people become bilingual because their home language is different from the language used for school and business
The Social Context of Bilingualism
If a school values a child's first language, he or she may actually become more fluent in English
Language proficiency can influence attitudes
Advantages of Bilingaulism
Bilinguals actually acquire more expertise in their natives langauge
Bilinguals are more aware that the names assigned to concepts are arbitrary
Bilinguals excel at paying selective attention to relatively subtle aspect of a language task, while ignoring more obvious linguistic characters
Bilingual children are better at following complicated instructions and performing where the instructions change from one trial to the next
Bilinguals perform better on concept-formation task and on test of non-verbal intelligence that require reorganization of visual patterns
Bilingual children are more sensitive to some pragmatic aspects of language
Bilingual adults who have dementia typically develop sign of dementia later than monolingual adult with dementia
Second-Language Proficiency as a Function Age of Acquisition
Age of Acquisition is not related to vocabulary in the new language
Age of Acquisition is related to phonology
Age of Acquisition is sometimes related to grammar for people whose first language is different from English
Individual Differences: Simultaneous Interpreters and Working Memory
Translation
: Process of translating from a text written in one language into a second written language
Interpreting
: The process of changing from a spoken message in one language into a second spoken language
Comprehend one Spanish segment
Mentally transform the previous Spanish segment into English
Actually speak out - in English - even earlier segment