Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Cardiovascular System: Alyssa Miller (heart (microscopic anatomy of…
Cardiovascular System: Alyssa Miller
heart
pericardial cavity membranes
fibrous pericardium
surrounds the heart
dense irregular CT
from diaphragm to roots of large vessels
keeps heart from overflowing/filling
keeps heart in place
serous pericardium
parietal- near the heart
visceral- on the heart
simple squamous epithelium + areolar connective tissue
pericardial cavity
filled with serous fluid
function: lubrication to reduce friction
layers of heart wall
Epicardium
outside heart
visceral pericardium ( on the hearts exterior)
Myocardium
mid layer
muscle layer
Endocardium
on the heart
simple squamous epithelium + areolar connective tissue
lines the heart, covers the heart (interior)
microscopic anatomy of myocardium
myofibrils
intercalated disks
fascia adherens
gap junctions
heart valves- to prevent back flow
pulmonary semilunar valve- between the right ventricle/pulmonary artery
atrioventricular valve- between the left ventricle/aortic arch
tricuspid valve: between right atrium/right ventricle
bicuspid valve: between the left atrium/left ventricle
blood vessels
artery types
elastic artery- largest
"conducting" artery
close to heart
muscular artery
"distributing artery"- take blood to organs or parts of organs
constrict/dilate to control blood flow
contain more muscle compared to other arteries relative to size
arterioles- smallest
1-2 layers of smooth muscle
can constrict or dilate
capillary types
continuous- most common
location: CNS, lungs, skin, smooth/skeletal muscle
intercellular clefts- semi leaky
fenestrated
have high exchange rate
have pores
location: small intestine, kidneys, choroid plexus, endocrine glands
sinusoids
very large clefts for exchange or proteins/cells
location: red bone marrow, liver (proteins), spleen ( whole cells)
avascular cells have no capillary beds: epithelium, cartilage, cornea/lens
vein types
large vein
go back to the heart
medium-sized vein
have valves
venule- smallest
similar to capillaries
1-2 layers of smooth muscle
blood
plasma
extracellular matrix in blood
contain proteins/glucose
transporters in blood
cells
Erythrocytes
red blood cells
carry oxygen away from the heart
carry carbon dioxide toward the heart/lungs
Leukocrytes
nutrophil
most numerous- first defense during illness
eosinophil
attack and kill
basophil
help with immune response, secrete chemicals
lymphocyte
create antibodies
monocyte
break down bacteria
platelets (thrombocytes)
initiate blood clotting