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Cardiovascular System (Heart (Conduction system (Bundle of His (A single…

- - - - Bicuspid Valve
        
        Between the right Atrium and Right Ventricle
      - Tricuspid Valve
        
        Between L. Aorta and L. Ventricle
    - - Pulmonary semilunar valve
        
        Between R. Ventricle and pulmonary trunk
      - Aortic semilunar valve
        
        Between L Ventricle and Ascending Aorta
  - - - Serous membrane immediately surrounding the heart (epicardium)
    - - Outer layer making a fibrous sac of serous membrane anchoring the heart
  - - - Inner layer of the heart wall, simple squamous linging valves and heart chambers
    - - Cardiac muscle tissue in the middle of the cardiac wall that contracts the heart.
        
        Structure :
        
        Intercalcated discs
        
        Gap junctions between cells for ion movement and electrical signal transfer
        
        Fascia Adherens - desmosome like structuresholding cells to each other
        
        Myofibrils striate the cells
    - - Visceral layer of serous membrane, outer layer of the heart
  - - - A single bundle the signal transfer to from the AV node going to the interventricular septum
    - - In the interventricular septum the bundle of his splits into a bundle branch send the signal to each side of the heart.
    - - Controls heart rate by slowing the signal from SA node so all the blood can be pushed out of the artium to the ventricle.
    - - Further in the septum, bundle branches split into Purkinje fibers. Sending the current to the apex and then up (superior) the ventricular walls, contracting the ventricles and pushing out the blood.
    - - In the right atrium "pacemaker of the heart" starts the electrical signal in the heart - sets heart rate. Ejects blood from atria into ventricles
- - - - Contain histamine - anti-inflammatory
    - - Critical to immunity
    - - Secrete enzymes that degrade histamine
    - - Largest leukocyte, macrophages - phagocytic cells
  - - - Globulins
        
        Antibodies, aids immunity
      - Fibrogen
        
        Clotting agent
      - Albumin
        
        Keeps water from leaking out of the bloodstream
- - - - has pores, high exchange rate, in kidneys, small intestines, choroid plexus....
    - - Very porous, larger molecules can exchange like proteins and whole cells. Found in liver, red bone marrow, and spleen
    - - Most common type,in CNS, lungs, skin, smooth and skeletal muscle. Transfer through intercellular clefts
  - - - The smallest veins, almost like capillaries - only one or two layers of smooth muscle
  - - - Has more muscle than other artery types of similar size. Takes blood to organs, can constrict or dilate.
    - - Smallest artery, has 1-2 layers of smooth muscle, can contract or dilate.
    - - The first arteries out of the heart, elastic/stretchy to handle the blood pressure