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Organizational Behavior (What managers do? (management function: (planning…
Organizational Behavior
Importance of interpersonal skills (teamwork, communicate, leadership and cultural awareness): get and keep high performance
What managers do?
manage: achieve goals through other people, responsible for attaining goals
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management function:
planning: define goals, establish strategies, develop plans to coordinate activities
organizing: determine what task to be done, who do, how to group task, who report to and where decisions are made
leading: motivate employees, direct others, select effective communication channels and resolve conflicts
controlling: monitor activites to ensure they are according to plan, correct any significnat deviations
management roles:
Interpersonal roles:
- leadership role: hiring, training, motivating, disciplining
- liaison role: contact outsider for info
- internal liaison relationship
- external liaison relationship
- figurehead role: symbolic in nature
Information roles:
- monitor roles: find out changes in public tastes
- disseminator roles: transmit information to organization mentor
- spokesperson roles: represent organization to outsider
Decisional roles:
- entrepreneur role: initiate and oversee new projects
- disturbance handler: take corrective actions to unforseen issues
- resource allocator: human, physical and monetary resource
- negotiator role: bargain with other unit
Management skills:
- technical skills: apply knowledge specialized or expertise
- human skills: work with, understand and motivate others, individual and groups
- conceptual skills: mental ability to analyse and diagnose complex situation
Organisational benefits of skilled managers
– Lower turnover of quality employees
– Higher quality applications for recruitment
– Better financial performance
Organizational behavior:
study the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behavior within orgniazation for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving organization effectiveness
Complementing intuition with systematic study
- systematic study: look at relationship, attempt to attribute to causes and effects and draw conclusions based on scientific evidence
- EBM: base management on the best available scientific evidence
Discipline contribute to the OB field:
- psychology: seeks measurements, explain and change behavior of human
- social psychology: blend concepts from psychology and sociology, focus on the influence of people on one another
- sociology: people in relation to their social environment and culture
- anthropology: society-> human being and their activities
Absolutes in OB: contigency variables (situational factors): variables that moderate the relationship between variables
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Manage workforce diversity: workforce diversity: organiations are becoming more heterogenous in gender, age, race, ethnicity or sexual orientation and inclusion of other diversse group
Improving customer service: substaintial interaction with customer, increase success by showing how employee attitude and behavior influence customer satisfaction, create cutomer-responsive culture
Working in networked organizations: manager motivate and lead people and make collaborative decision online
Enhance employee well-beings at work: - blurred line vetween work and non work time
- people never get away from the virtual workplace, employees work extra hours... ->managers need to help balancing life and work
Improving ethical behavior:
- dilemma: situation force to difine right and wrong -> employee feel pressure to break rules,engage in questionable practices -> determning the ethically correct way to behave is diffcult bc backgrounds....
- solution: writing, distributing codes of ethics, offer seminars, workshops to improve ethical behavior, provide in houses adviors creating protection
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OB as science
Forming and Testing Theories:
•Theory (= an integrated set of principles )
•Hypotheses (= predictions derived from theory)theory
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Advantages of Methods
Systematic Observation (Correlational Method)
- Allows for the study of variables
- we simply can’t manipulate (race, gender, organisation, team)
- we ethically can’t manipulate (sabotage, turnover)
- Allows us to examine the relationship between several variables at once
Experimental Method
- Allows us to draw conclusions about causality
- Allows us a great deal of control over the variables being studied
Core value: accuracy, skepticism, open-mindedness, objectivity
Hindsight Bias: Events in the pastappear simple, comprehensible, and predictable in comparison to events in the future