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Muscular System, Melissa Benitez, Period 1 (Muscle Names (Neck (platysma,…
Muscular System, Melissa Benitez, Period 1
Muscle Names
Forearm
brachioradials
flexor carpi radials
pronator teres
palmaris longus
Abdomen
rectus abdominis
external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominis
Arm
triceps brachil
biceps brachil
brachialis
Hip
gluteus medias
gluteus maximus
Thorax
pectoralis minor
pectoralis major
serrates anterior
intercostals
Shoulder
teres major
rhomboid major
infaspinathus
latissimus dorsi
deltoid
trapezius
Thigh
vats medalis
tensor fatascia lata
vats laterals
sartorius
rectus femoris
Neck
platysma
sternohyoid
sternocleimastoid
epicranius
trapezius
splenius capitis
splenius cervicis
levator scapulae
rhomboid minor
rhomboid major
Head
temporalis
masseter
Facial
Orbticularis oculi
Epicranius ,frontal belly
orbicularis oris
zygomaticus
Leg
tibialis anterior
gastrocenemius
extensor digitorum longus
soleus
fibulas longus
Structural and organization levels
myofibil(complex organelle composed of bundles of myofilaments)
sarcomere( a segment of a myofibril)
muscle fiber (cell)- nucleus, endomysium, sarcolemma, myrofibil
myofilament/ filament ( extended macromolecular structure(
fascicle (a portion of the muscle)- perimysium, and muscle fiber
muscle (organ)- consist of epimysium, tendon, fascicle
Disorders associated with the Muscular System
muscular dystrophy- weaken the muscular system and make it harder to move
tendoinosis- causes tendons to break down and form scar tissue
Fibromyalgia syndrome- widespread chronic pain
mitochondrial myopathy- a defect of how ATP is formed
myasthenia gravis- the immunes system attacks junction between nerves and the muscle.
Muscular system & major function
movement
Maintain posture
stabilize joints
generate heat
Muscle tissues
smooth
not striated help with digestion and respiration
cardiac
striated and help with the beating of the heart
skeletal
responsible for movement are long fibers and striated
Physiology of muscle contraction
a cross bridge forms between myosin heads an actin heads triggering contraction. Muscle contraction stops when signaling the motor neuron ends. repolarizes the sarcolemma and T-tubules, this closes the voltage gated calcium channels.
Body Movement terminology
abduction-movement away form central axis
pronation- rotation of forearm so palm is down
eversion- outward turning of the foot
supination- rotation of forearm in anatomical position
hyperextension- forced or excessive extension of limb/joints
dorsiflexion- flexion of bending of foot toward leg
flexion- act of bending a joint
deviation - turning away from the regular standard
inversion- outward turning of the foot
tilt- tilt in relation to long axis of body
adduction- movement of part toward central axis of body