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Pneumonia (Risk Factors (Co-morbidities (Diabetes, Heart disease),…
Pneumonia
Risk Factors
Decreased activity (sedentary lifestyle)
Decreased coughing ability
Age (younger than 5 and older than 65)
Cigarette Smoking
Weakened Immune system
Co-morbidities
Diabetes
Heart disease
COPD
Recent surgery or trauma
Difficulty swallowing (due to underlying condition e.g. neurological condition
Signs and Symptoms
Fever
Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Dyspnea
Hypoxemia
Sputum Productive Cough
Sharp chest pain during inspiration
Pathophysiology
Decreased Airflow in Lungs
Bacteria Consolidate in area of decreased aeration (in alveoli)
Bacteria multiply in the lower respiratory tracts
Increased capillary permeability
Entry way for bacteria to enter bloodstream
Bacteremia
Sepsis- Total Body Inflammation due to infection
Infectious Bacteria is transported via the circulatory system to other organ systems
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Mucous Membranes hypertrophy
Decreased efficiency of Cilia
Decreased mucous elimination
Further increases risk of infection
Consolidation of Alveoli due to excess fluid and debris
Decreased ventilation
CO2 retention
Increased respiratory rate to compensate for lack of gas exchange
Causes aberrant breath sounds
Sonorous wheezes
Causes of decreased aeration
Decreased Mobility due to sedentary lifestyle
Smoking History
Destruction of Cilia leading to decreased fluid mobility in lungs
Irritation of tissues overtime from smoking
Posturing
Flexed Forward Posture decreases inhalation
Leads to overall decreased tidal Flow
More inflammation in the body
Congestion of vessels from inflammatory agents leading to decreased blood flow to organs
